Guo Yue, Su Zheng-Yuan, Kong Ah-Ng Tony
Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA ; Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
Curr Pharmacol Rep. 2015 Aug;1(4):245-257. doi: 10.1007/s40495-015-0023-0.
Studies during the last two decades have revealed the involvement of epigenetic modifications in the development of human cancer. It is now recognized that the interplay of DNA methylation, post-translational histone modification, and non-coding RNAs can interact with genetic defects to drive tumorigenesis. The early onset, reversibility, and dynamic nature of such epigenetic modifications enable them to be developed as promising cancer biomarkers and preventive/therapeutic targets. In addition to the recent approval of several epigenetic therapies in the treatment of human cancer, emerging studies have indicated that dietary phytochemicals might exert cancer chemopreventive effects by targeting epigenetic mechanisms. In this review, we will present the current understanding of the epigenetic alterations in carcinogenesis and highlight the potential of targeting these mechanisms to treat/prevent cancer. The latest findings, published in the past three years regarding the effects of dietary phytochemicals in modulating epigenetic mechanisms will also be discussed.
过去二十年的研究揭示了表观遗传修饰在人类癌症发展中的作用。现在人们认识到，DNA甲基化、翻译后组蛋白修饰和非编码RNA之间的相互作用可与基因缺陷相互作用，从而驱动肿瘤发生。这种表观遗传修饰的早发性、可逆性和动态性质使其有潜力被开发成为有前景的癌症生物标志物和预防/治疗靶点。除了最近几种表观遗传疗法获批用于治疗人类癌症外，新出现的研究表明，膳食植物化学物质可能通过靶向表观遗传机制发挥癌症化学预防作用。在这篇综述中，我们将阐述目前对致癌过程中表观遗传改变的理解，并强调针对这些机制治疗/预防癌症的潜力。还将讨论过去三年发表的关于膳食植物化学物质调节表观遗传机制作用的最新研究结果。
