Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medical Faculty F-Wing, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Gerontologist. 2017 Apr 1;57(2):240-251. doi: 10.1093/geront/gnv127.
To determine the prevalence and extent of successful aging (SA) when various suggestions proposed in the previous literature for improving models of SA are incorporated into one holistic operational definition. These suggestions include defining and measuring SA as a developmental process, including subjective indicators alongside more objective ones, and expressing SA on a continuum.
Data were used from 2,241 respondents in the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam, a multidisciplinary study in a nationally representative sample of older adults in the Netherlands. Latent class growth analysis was used to identify successful 16-year trajectories within nine indicators of physical, cognitive, emotional, and social functioning. SA was quantified as the number of indicators in which individual respondents showed successful trajectories (range 0-9).
Successful trajectories were characterized by stability, limited decline, or even improvement of functioning over time. Of the respondents, 39.6% of men and 29.3% of women were successful in at least seven indicators; 7% of men and 11% of women were successful in less than three indicators. Proportions of successful respondents were largest in life satisfaction (>85%) and smallest in social activity (<25%). Correlations of success between separate indicators were low to moderate (range r = .02-.37).
Many older adults age relatively successfully, but the character of successful functioning over time varies between indicators, and the combinations of successful indicators vary between individuals.
当将之前文献中提出的各种改进成功老龄化 (SA) 模型的建议纳入一个整体操作定义时，确定成功老龄化的流行率和程度。这些建议包括将 SA 定义和衡量为一个发展过程，包括主观指标和更客观的指标，并在连续体上表达 SA。
使用来自荷兰全国代表性老年人样本的多学科纵向老龄化研究阿姆斯特丹的 2241 名受访者的数据。潜在类别增长分析用于识别九项身体、认知、情感和社会功能指标中 16 年成功轨迹。SA 被量化为个体受访者在成功轨迹中表现出的指标数量（范围 0-9）。
成功的轨迹的特点是随着时间的推移功能稳定、有限下降或甚至改善。在受访者中，39.6%的男性和 29.3%的女性在至少七个指标中成功；7%的男性和 11%的女性在不到三个指标中成功。在生活满意度方面，成功受访者的比例最高（>85%），在社会活动方面最低（<25%）。单独指标之间的成功相关性较低至中等（范围 r =.02-.37）。
许多老年人相对成功地衰老，但随着时间的推移，成功功能的特征在指标之间有所不同，成功指标的组合在个体之间也有所不同。
