Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Clin Cancer Res. 2015 Nov 1;21(21):4753-9. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-15-0831. Epub 2015 Sep 1.
There are more than 100 sarcoma subtypes, each uncommon and diagnostically challenging. Conventional chemotherapy has little benefit for most soft-tissue sarcomas; new treatment strategies are needed. Multiple recent genomic studies have provided detailed insights into sarcoma biology, including more accurate classification by molecular subtype, identification of recurrent mutations in oncogenic pathways, and evidence of epigenetic dysregulation. Advances in immunotherapy (adoptive immune cell transfer, tumor vaccine strategies, and immune checkpoint inhibition) have also provided a better understanding of how immuno-oncology might best be applied to sarcoma treatment, including connections to oncogenic pathways that may support combination strategies with conventional and targeted therapies. In this article, we review the latest sarcoma genomic studies and immuno-oncology developments and discuss how the findings suggest potential strategies to improve diagnosis and treatment across multiple sarcoma subtypes.
肉瘤有 100 多种亚型，每种都不常见，诊断也具有挑战性。大多数软组织肉瘤对传统化疗获益甚微，需要新的治疗策略。最近的多项基因组研究为肉瘤生物学提供了详细的见解，包括通过分子亚型进行更准确的分类、确定致癌途径中的反复突变，以及表观遗传失调的证据。免疫疗法（过继免疫细胞转移、肿瘤疫苗策略和免疫检查点抑制）的进展也使人们更好地了解免疫肿瘤学如何最好地应用于肉瘤治疗，包括与可能支持与传统和靶向治疗相结合的策略的致癌途径的联系。在本文中，我们回顾了最新的肉瘤基因组研究和免疫肿瘤学进展，并讨论了这些发现如何为改善多种肉瘤亚型的诊断和治疗提供潜在策略。
