Auckland Philip, McAinsh Andrew D
Mechanochemical Cell Biology Building, Division of Biomedical Cell Biology, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
Mechanochemical Cell Biology Building, Division of Biomedical Cell Biology, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
J Cell Sci. 2015 Sep 15;128(18):3363-74. doi: 10.1242/jcs.169367. Epub 2015 Sep 1.
A universal feature of mitosis is that all chromosomes become aligned at the spindle equator--the halfway point between the two spindle poles--prior to anaphase onset. This migratory event is called congression, and is powered by centromere-bound protein machines called kinetochores. This Commentary aims to document recent advances concerning the two kinetochore-based force-generating mechanisms that drive mitotic chromosome congression in vertebrate cells: depolymerisation-coupled pulling (DCP) and lateral sliding. We aim to explore how kinetochores can 'read-out' their spatial position within the spindle, and adjust these force-generating mechanisms to ensure chromosomes reach, and then remain, at the equator. Finally, we will describe the 'life history' of a chromosome, and provide a working model for how individual mechanisms are integrated to ensure efficient and successful congression.
有丝分裂的一个普遍特征是，在后期开始之前，所有染色体都会在纺锤体赤道面（两个纺锤体极之间的中点）对齐。这种迁移事件称为染色体列队，由称为动粒的着丝粒结合蛋白机器驱动。本评论旨在记录关于驱动脊椎动物细胞有丝分裂染色体列队的两种基于动粒的力产生机制的最新进展：解聚耦合牵拉（DCP）和侧向滑动。我们旨在探讨动粒如何“读取”其在纺锤体内的空间位置，并调整这些力产生机制，以确保染色体到达并停留在赤道面。最后，我们将描述染色体的“生命历程”，并提供一个工作模型，说明各个机制是如何整合以确保高效且成功的染色体列队的。
