Veghari Gholamreza, Marjani Abdoljalal, Kazemi Shima, Bemani Masoumeh, Shabdin Mansoreh, Hashimifard Aida
Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Medicine, Gorgan, Iran.
Int J Prev Med. 2015 Aug 3;6:69. doi: 10.4103/2008-7802.162061. eCollection 2015.
Under nutrition is a health problem in developing countries and the main aim of this study was determine of the nutritional status and some sociodemographic factors among rural under-5-year children in the North of Iran in 2013.
This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study, which carried out on 2530 children (637 = Fars-native, 1002 = Turkman and 891 = Sistani) from 21 villages in the North of Iran. Villages were chosen by random sampling among 118, and all of under-five children were chosen by simple sampling. For all of cases, a questionnaire with contain questions on the socialdemographic condition was completed and anthropometric indexes were measured by a learned team. Anthropometric data were compared with those in Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reference population. SPSS 18.0 software was used for statistical data analysis and P value under 0.05 included significations.
Generally, under nutrition (Z-score ≤ -2) was observed in 6.6%, 18.5% and 3.3% based on underweight, stunting and wasting, respectively and there were in boys more than girls and in Sistani more than other ethnic groups. Based on underweight and stunting, under nutrition was seen in Sistani more than other ethnic groups. Among three ethnic groups, stunting was significant both in boys (P = 0.013) and in girls (P = 0.004), but wasting was significant only in girls (P = 0.001). The estimated odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval of under nutrition was obtained from logistic regression. Compared with good economic group, the OR was 1.831 in poor economic groups (P = 0.001). The risk of under nutrition in Sistanish ethnic group was 1.754 times more than Fars-native group (P = 0.001).
Under nutrition is a health problem among under-5-year children in rural area in the North of Iran and stunting was seen in an alarming rate among them. Among ethnic groups, Sistanish children more than others were under nourished. Poor economic status is a risk factor for under nutrition in this area.
营养不良是发展中国家的一个健康问题，本研究的主要目的是确定2013年伊朗北部农村5岁以下儿童的营养状况及一些社会人口学因素。
这是一项描述性横断面研究，对来自伊朗北部21个村庄的2530名儿童（637名法尔斯本地人、1002名土库曼人和891名锡斯坦人）进行了研究。村庄是从118个村庄中随机抽样选取的，所有5岁以下儿童均通过简单抽样选取。对于所有病例，完成了一份包含社会人口学状况问题的问卷，并由一个专业团队测量人体测量指标。将人体测量数据与美国疾病控制与预防中心参考人群的数据进行比较。使用SPSS 18.0软件进行统计数据分析，P值小于0.05具有统计学意义。
总体而言，根据体重不足、发育迟缓及消瘦情况，营养不良（Z评分≤ -2）的发生率分别为6.6%、18.5%和3.3%，男孩中的发生率高于女孩，锡斯坦人的发生率高于其他族群。基于体重不足和发育迟缓情况，锡斯坦人比其他族群的营养不良发生率更高。在三个族群中，发育迟缓在男孩（P = 0.013）和女孩（P = 0.004）中均有统计学意义，但消瘦仅在女孩中具有统计学意义（P = 0.001）。通过逻辑回归获得了营养不良的估计比值比（OR）及其95%置信区间。与经济状况良好组相比，经济状况较差组的OR为1.831（P = 0.001）。锡斯坦族群营养不良的风险是法尔斯本地族群的1.754倍（P = 0.001）。
营养不良是伊朗北部农村地区5岁以下儿童面临的一个健康问题，其中发育迟缓的发生率令人担忧。在各民族中，锡斯坦儿童的营养不良情况比其他儿童更为严重。经济状况差是该地区营养不良的一个风险因素。
