Ceccatto Ana P S, Testoni Magalei C, Ignácio Aurea R A, Santos-Filho Manoel, Malm Olaf, Díez Sergi
Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Cáceres, Brazil.
Laboratório de Radioisótopos Eduardo Penna Franca, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil.
Environ Geochem Health. 2016 Jun;38(3):713-22. doi: 10.1007/s10653-015-9754-4. Epub 2015 Sep 3.
This study evaluated the risk to human health from mercury (Hg) exposure through fish consumption in the Pantanal, Brazil. In order to address these risks, Hg concentrations and accumulation patterns were determined in target organs of predatory fish (Crenicichla lepidota and Pygocentrus nattereri). Levels of Hg were analysed during the two phases of the flood pulse (flood and drought) in fish from different local ecosystems, such as the Bento Gomes and Paraguay rivers. Although the former study area is directly affected by gold mining, a higher, but not significantly different, Hg concentration in fish was found compared with fish at the Paraguay River, which is regarded as pristine area. Moreover, no seasonal variability was found in either river. Although total mercury levels in fish did not exceed the maximum FAO/WHO threshold (0.5 μg g(-1)), according to dietary habits in riverine communities of the Pantanal (up to 6 oz of fish per day), there is reason for concern over the potential for deleterious health effects that could be caused by high Hg intake. In fact, the estimated daily intake in the present study ranged from 0.49 to 1.08 μg Hg kg(-1) day(-1), for adults (including women of childbearing age) and children, respectively. Because of high Hg intakes in riverine groups, which exceed the recommended reference dose value, these communities could be considered at risk. Therefore, it is necessary to consider regulatory measures and public education regarding fish consumption, particularly in vulnerable groups (i.e. children, pregnant women and women of childbearing age).
本研究评估了巴西潘塔纳尔湿地地区因食用鱼类而接触汞（Hg）对人类健康造成的风险。为了应对这些风险，测定了掠食性鱼类（克氏丽鱼和红腹食人鱼）目标器官中的汞浓度和积累模式。分析了来自不同当地生态系统（如本托戈麦斯河和巴拉圭河）的鱼类在洪水脉冲的两个阶段（洪水期和干旱期）的汞含量。尽管前一个研究区域直接受到金矿开采的影响，但与被视为原始区域的巴拉圭河中的鱼类相比，发现该区域鱼类中的汞浓度更高，但差异不显著。此外，两条河中均未发现季节性变化。尽管鱼类中的总汞含量未超过粮农组织/世界卫生组织的最大阈值（0.5μg g⁻¹），但根据潘塔纳尔湿地河滨社区的饮食习惯（每天食用多达6盎司鱼类），高汞摄入量可能对健康产生有害影响，这令人担忧。事实上，本研究中成年人（包括育龄妇女）和儿童的估计每日汞摄入量分别为0.49至1.08μg Hg kg⁻¹ day⁻¹。由于河滨群体的汞摄入量较高，超过了推荐的参考剂量值，这些社区可被视为处于风险之中。因此，有必要考虑采取监管措施并开展有关鱼类消费的公众教育，特别是针对弱势群体（即儿童、孕妇和育龄妇女）。
