Stambullian M, Feliu M S, Cassetti L I, Slobodianik N H
Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2015;15(4):302-7. doi: 10.2174/1871530315666150907111120.
In the last decades, there have been many reports of HIV infection and abnormalities in lipid metabolism and cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aims at describing the nutritional status of HIV-infected adults and its relation to lipid profile through traditional [total cholesterol (TC), HDL cholesterol (HDL), triglycerides (TG), non-HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol (LDL)] and other parameters [Apolipoprotein B (ApoB), fibrinogen, and high sensitive-C-reactive protein (hs-CRP)]. A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated and references were taken from WHO. TC, HDL, TG and glucose were determined and non-HDL cholesterol and LDL were calculated. ApoB and fibrinogen were determined by quantitative radial immunodiffusion on agar plates (Diffuplate,Biocientífica SA,Argentina) and hs-CRP by immunoturbidimetric test. Qualitative variables were compared with the Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. Quantitative variables were compared applying parametrics or nonparametric tests. Pearson test for correlations. Software SPSS 17.0. 97 patients were analyzed: 69.1% were men. 80% were on antiretroviral treatment. Average (SD) BMI was 24.3 (4.1) kg/m(2). 29.4% were overweight and 5.9% obese. Patients with a BMI ≥25.0 kg/m(2) presented significantly higher levels of TG, ApoB and glycemia than well-nourished people [246.1(169.0) vs. 142.9(78.4) mg/dL;p=0.029, 198.6(69.3) vs. 126.4(50.6) mg/dL;p=0.01 and 100 (3.2) vs. 90.2 (6.9) mg/dL;p=0.008 resp.] and a significantly decreased HDL [37.2(1.5) vs. 49.8(10.4) mg/dL;p<0.01]. No statistically significant correlation was found between ApoB and non-HDL (p=0,063). There was no evidence that there is a direct relation between Apo B and the other lipid parameters. The potential increase in CVD in this group of patients, would be related to the higher levels of TG, ApoB and overweight/obesity. Nutritional education is needed to promote a healthy weight to warn against the risk of cardiovascular disease.
在过去几十年中，有许多关于HIV感染以及脂质代谢异常和心血管疾病（CVD）的报告。本研究旨在通过传统指标[总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL）、甘油三酯（TG）、非HDL胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL）]以及其他参数[载脂蛋白B（ApoB）、纤维蛋白原和高敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）]描述HIV感染成年人的营养状况及其与血脂谱的关系。进行了一项横断面描述性研究。计算体重指数（BMI）并参考世界卫生组织的标准。测定TC、HDL、TG和血糖，并计算非HDL胆固醇和LDL。通过琼脂平板上的定量放射免疫扩散法（Diffuplate，Biocientífica SA，阿根廷）测定ApoB和纤维蛋白原，通过免疫比浊法测定hs-CRP。定性变量采用卡方检验或Fisher精确检验进行比较。定量变量采用参数检验或非参数检验进行比较。采用Pearson检验进行相关性分析。使用软件SPSS 17.0。对97例患者进行了分析：69.1%为男性。80%正在接受抗逆转录病毒治疗。平均（标准差）BMI为24.3（4.1）kg/m²。29.4%超重，5.9%肥胖。BMI≥25.0 kg/m²的患者与营养良好的人相比，TG、ApoB和血糖水平显著更高[246.1（169.0）对142.9（78.4）mg/dL；p = 0.029，198.6（69.3）对126.4（50.6）mg/dL；p = 0.01，100（3.2）对90.2（6.9）mg/dL；p = 0.008]，而HDL显著降低[37.2（1.5）对49.8（10.4）mg/dL；p < 0.01]。未发现ApoB与非HDL之间存在统计学显著相关性（p = 0.063）。没有证据表明ApoB与其他脂质参数之间存在直接关系。该组患者CVD潜在增加可能与较高的TG、ApoB水平以及超重/肥胖有关。需要进行营养教育以促进健康体重，警示心血管疾病风险。
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