Baranyi Nikolett, Despot Daniela Jakšić, Palágyi Andrea, Kiss Noémi, Kocsubé Sándor, Szekeres András, Kecskeméti Anita, Bencsik Ottó, Vágvölgyi Csaba, Klarić Maja Šegvić, Varga János
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged , Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged , Hungary.
Acta Biol Hung. 2015 Sep;66(3):339-47. doi: 10.1556/018.66.2015.3.9.
The occurrence of potential aflatoxin producing fungi was examined in various agricultural products and indoor air in Central European countries including Hungary, Serbia and Croatia. For species identification, both morphological and sequence based methods were applied. Aspergillus flavus was detected in several samples including maize, cheese, nuts, spices and indoor air, and several isolates were able to produce aflatoxins. Besides, three other species of Aspergillus section Flavi, A. nomius, A. pseudonomius and A. parasiticus were also isolated from cheese, maize and indoor air, respectively. This is the first report on the occurrence of A. nomius and A. pseudonomius in Central Europe. All A. nomius, A. pseudonomius and A. parasiticus isolates were able to produce aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2. The A. nomius isolate came from cheese produced very high amounts of aflatoxins (above 1 mg ml⁻¹). All A. nomius, A. pseudonomius and A. parasiticus isolates produced much higher amounts of aflatoxin G1 then aflatoxin B1. Further studies are in progress to examine the occurrence of producers of these highly carcinogenic mycotoxins in agricultural products and indoor air in Central Europe.
在包括匈牙利、塞尔维亚和克罗地亚在内的中欧国家,对各类农产品和室内空气中潜在的产黄曲霉毒素真菌进行了检测。为进行物种鉴定,同时应用了形态学方法和基于序列的方法。在包括玉米、奶酪、坚果、香料和室内空气在内的多个样品中检测到了黄曲霉,并且有多个分离株能够产黄曲霉毒素。此外,还分别从奶酪、玉米和室内空气中分离出了黄曲霉群的其他三个物种,即诺米曲霉、假诺米曲霉和寄生曲霉。这是中欧关于诺米曲霉和假诺米曲霉存在情况的首次报告。所有诺米曲霉、假诺米曲霉和寄生曲霉分离株都能够产黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1和G2。来自奶酪的诺米曲霉分离株产生的黄曲霉毒素量非常高(超过1毫克/毫升)。所有诺米曲霉、假诺米曲霉和寄生曲霉分离株产生的黄曲霉毒素G1量远高于黄曲霉毒素B1。正在进行进一步研究,以检测中欧农产品和室内空气中这些高致癌性霉菌毒素产生菌的存在情况。