Razzaghi-Abyaneh Mehdi, Shams-Ghahfarokhi Masoomeh, Allameh Abdolamir, Kazeroon-Shiri Amirmohammad, Ranjbar-Bahadori Shahrokh, Mirzahoseini Hasan, Rezaee Mohammad-Bagher
Department of Mycology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran.
Mycopathologia. 2006 Mar;161(3):183-92. doi: 10.1007/s11046-005-0242-8.
Soil isolates of Aspergillus section Flavi from Mazandaran and Semnan provinces with totally different climatic conditions in Iran were examined for aflatoxins (AFs; B and G types), cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) and sclerotia production. A total of 66 Aspergillus flavus group strains were identified from three species viz. Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus parasiticus and Aspergillus nomius in both locations. A. flavus (87.9%) was found to be the prominent species followed by A. nomius (9.1%) and A. parasiticus (3.0%). Only 27.5% of A. flavus isolates were aflatoxigenic (B(1) or B(1) and B(2)), out of which approximately 75% were capable to producing CPA. All the A. parasiticus and A. nomius isolates produced AFs of both B (B(1) and B(2)) and G (G(1) and G(2)) types, but did not produce CPA. Sclerotia production was observed in only 4 isolates of A. flavus among all 66 isolates from three identified species. A. flavus isolates were classified into various chemotypes based on the ability to produce aflatoxins and CPA. In this study, a new naturally occurring toxigenic A. flavus chemotype comprising of two strains capable of producing more AFB(2) than AFB(1) has been identified. A relatively larger proportion of aflatoxigenic A. flavus strains were isolated from corn field soils of Mazandaran province which indicate a possible relationship between high levels of relative humidity and the incidence of aflatoxin-producing fungi. The importance of incidence of Aspergillus section Flavi in corn field soils regard to their mycotoxin production profiles and crop contamination with special reference to climatic conditions is discussed.
对来自伊朗气候条件截然不同的马赞德兰省和塞姆南省的黄曲霉群土壤分离株进行了黄曲霉毒素（AFs；B型和G型）、环匹阿尼酸（CPA）及菌核产生情况的检测。从这两个地区共鉴定出66株黄曲霉群菌株，分属于三个物种，即黄曲霉、寄生曲霉和诺米曲霉。结果发现，黄曲霉（87.9%）是主要物种，其次是诺米曲霉（9.1%）和寄生曲霉（3.0%）。仅27.5%的黄曲霉菌株产黄曲霉毒素（B1或B1和B2），其中约75%能够产生CPA。所有寄生曲霉和诺米曲霉菌株均产生B（B1和B2）型和G（G1和G2）型黄曲霉毒素，但不产生CPA。在所有66株来自三个已鉴定物种的分离株中，仅在4株黄曲霉菌株中观察到菌核产生。根据产生黄曲霉毒素和CPA的能力，将黄曲霉菌株分为不同的化学型。在本研究中，鉴定出一种新的天然产毒黄曲霉化学型，由两株能够产生比B1更多的B2的菌株组成。从马赞德兰省玉米田土壤中分离出相对较大比例的产黄曲霉毒素黄曲霉菌株，这表明相对湿度较高与产黄曲霉毒素真菌的发生率之间可能存在关联。讨论了黄曲霉群在玉米田土壤中的发生率对其霉菌毒素产生谱及作物污染的重要性，并特别提及了气候条件。
