高血压，马达加斯加穆拉曼加城乡地区被忽视的疾病。
Hypertension, a Neglected Disease in Rural and Urban Areas in Moramanga, Madagascar.
作者信息
Ratovoson Rila, Rasetarinera Ony Rabarisoa, Andrianantenaina Ionimalala, Rogier Christophe, Piola Patrice, Pacaud Pierre
机构信息
Pasteur Institute of Madagascar, PO Box: 1274 Ambatofotsikely, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
Faculty of Medicine, Antananarivo University, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2015 Sep 10;10(9):e0137408. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137408. eCollection 2015.
BACKGROUND
Hypertension is one of the main risk factors of cardiovascular diseases. In Madagascar, studies on hypertension in urban and rural communities are scarce.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension and identify associated risk factors in adults living in a health and demographic system in Moramanga, Madagascar.
METHODS
The study included people aged 15 years old and above living in a health and demographic system in Moramanga. A household census was performed in 2012 to enumerate the population in 3 communities in Moramanga. In addition to the questionnaire used in the initial census, a standardized questionnaire and blood pressure were taken twice after 5 and 10 minutes of rest. In urban areas, heights and weights were also measured to calculate the body mass index.
RESULTS
There were 3621 and 4010 participants respectively in rural and urban areas. Prevalence of hypertension in rural population was 27.0% (IC95% [25.6-28.5]) and 29.7% (IC95% [28.3-31.1]) in urban population. Among hypertensive subjects, 1.7% (17/979) and 5.3% (64/1191) were on antihypertensive treatment for at least 1 month before the survey in rural and urban population, respectively. In rural areas, increasing age (65 years and older vs 18-25 years OR = 11.81, IC95% [7.79-18.07]), giving more than 3 positive responses to the usual risks factors of hypertension (OR = 1.67, IC95% [1.14-2.42]) and singles in comparison with married people (OR = 1.61, IC95% [1.20-2.17]) were associated to hypertension in a logistic regression model. In urban areas, increasing age (65 years and older vs 18-25 years OR = 37.54, IC95% [24.81-57.92]), more than 3 positive responses to the usual risks of hypertension (OR = 3.47, IC95% [2.58-4.67]) and obesity (OR = 2.45, IC95% [1.56-3.87]) were found as risk factors.
CONCLUSION
Hypertension is highly prevalent in rural areas although it is significantly less treated. As a result, a major epidemic of cardiovascular diseases is at risk in Madagascar's progressively aging society.
背景
高血压是心血管疾病的主要危险因素之一。在马达加斯加，针对城乡社区高血压的研究较少。
目的
本研究旨在确定马达加斯加穆拉芒加一个健康与人口系统中成年人高血压的患病率，并识别相关危险因素。
方法
该研究纳入了居住在穆拉芒加一个健康与人口系统中的15岁及以上人群。2012年进行了一次家庭普查，以统计穆拉芒加3个社区的人口。除了最初普查时使用的问卷外，在休息5分钟和10分钟后两次测量标准化问卷和血压。在城市地区，还测量了身高和体重以计算体重指数。
结果
农村和城市地区分别有3621名和4010名参与者。农村人口高血压患病率为27.0%（95%置信区间[25.6 - 28.5]），城市人口为29.7%（95%置信区间[28.3 - 31.1]）。在高血压患者中，农村和城市人口在调查前至少接受1个月抗高血压治疗的分别为1.7%（17/979）和5.3%（64/1191）。在农村地区，在逻辑回归模型中，年龄增长（65岁及以上与18 - 25岁相比，比值比 = 11.81，95%置信区间[7.79 - 18.07]）、对常见高血压危险因素有3个以上阳性反应（比值比 = 1.67，95%置信区间[1.14 - 2.42]）以及单身与已婚相比（比值比 = 1.61，95%置信区间[
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