Ilie Gabriela, Boak Angela, Mann Robert E, Adlaf Edward M, Hamilton Hayley, Asbridge Mark, Rehm Jürgen, Cusimano Michael D
Injury Prevention Research Office, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Social and Epidemiological Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.
PLoS One. 2015 Sep 16;10(9):e0135860. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135860. eCollection 2015.
The high prevalence of traumatic brain injuries (TBI) among adolescents has brought much focus to this area in recent years. Sports injuries have been identified as a main mechanism. Although energy drinks, including those mixed with alcohol, are often used by young athletes and other adolescents they have not been examined in relation to TBI.
We report on the prevalence of adolescent TBI and its associations with energy drinks, alcohol and energy drink mixed in with alcohol consumption.
DESIGN, SETTINGS AND PARTICIPANTS: Data were derived from the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health's 2013 Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey (OSDUHS). This population-based cross-sectional school survey included 10,272 7th to 12th graders (ages 11-20) who completed anonymous self-administered questionnaires in classrooms.
Mild to severe TBI were defined as those resulting in a loss of consciousness for at least five minutes, or being hospitalized for at least one night. Mechanism of TBI, prevalence estimates of TBI, and odds of energy drink consumption, alcohol use, and consumption of energy drinks mixed with alcohol are assessed.
Among all students, 22.4% (95% CI: 20.7, 24.1) reported a history of TBI. Sports injuries remain the main mechanism of a recent (past year) TBI (45.5%, 95% CI: 41.0, 50.1). Multinomial logistic regression showed that relative to adolescents who never sustained a TBI, the odds of sustaining a recent TBI were greater for those consuming alcohol, energy drinks, and energy drinks mixed in with alcohol than abstainers. Odds ratios were higher for these behaviors among students who sustained a recent TBI than those who sustained a former TBI (lifetime but not past 12 months). Relative to recent TBI due to other causes of injury, adolescents who sustained a recent TBI while playing sports had higher odds of recent energy drinks consumption than abstainers.
TBI remains a disabling and common condition among adolescents and the consumption of alcohol, energy drinks, and alcohol mixed with energy drinks further increase the odds of TBI among adolescents. These associations warrant further investigation.
近年来，青少年创伤性脑损伤（TBI）的高患病率使该领域备受关注。运动损伤已被确定为主要机制。尽管年轻运动员和其他青少年经常饮用能量饮料，包括那些与酒精混合的饮料，但尚未对其与创伤性脑损伤的关系进行研究。
我们报告青少年创伤性脑损伤的患病率及其与能量饮料、酒精以及含酒精能量饮料消费的关联。
设计、地点和参与者：数据来自成瘾与心理健康中心2013年安大略省学生药物使用与健康调查（OSDUHS）。这项基于人群的横断面学校调查包括10272名7至12年级学生（年龄11 - 20岁），他们在课堂上完成了匿名的自我填写问卷。
轻度至重度创伤性脑损伤定义为导致意识丧失至少五分钟或住院至少一晚的损伤。评估创伤性脑损伤的机制、创伤性脑损伤的患病率估计以及能量饮料消费、饮酒和饮用含酒精能量饮料的几率。
在所有学生中，22.4%（95%可信区间：20.7，24.1）报告有创伤性脑损伤史。运动损伤仍然是近期（过去一年）创伤性脑损伤的主要机制（45.5%，95%可信区间：41.0，50.1）。多项逻辑回归显示，与从未遭受过创伤性脑损伤的青少年相比，饮酒、饮用能量饮料和饮用含酒精能量饮料的青少年遭受近期创伤性脑损伤的几率高于戒酒者。在近期遭受创伤性脑损伤的学生中，这些行为的优势比高于那些曾遭受过创伤性脑损伤（终生但非过去12个月内）的学生。相对于因其他损伤原因导致的近期创伤性脑损伤，在运动时遭受近期创伤性脑损伤的青少年近期饮用能量饮料的几率高于戒酒者。
创伤性脑损伤在青少年中仍然是一种致残且常见的疾病，饮酒、饮用能量饮料以及饮用含酒精能量饮料会进一步增加青少年遭受创伤性脑损伤的几率。这些关联值得进一步研究。
