Aaltonen Sari, Ortega-Alonso Alfredo, Kujala Urho M, Kaprio Jaakko
Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
Twin Res Hum Genet. 2010 Oct;13(5):475-81. doi: 10.1375/twin.13.5.475.
The purpose of this study was to examine changes in the contribution of genetic and environmental influences to leisure time physical activity among male and female twins over a 6-year follow-up. At baseline the sample comprised 4,280 monozygotic and 9,276 dizygotic twin individuals, and at follow-up 4,383 monozygotic and 9,439 dizygotic twin individuals. Participants were aged 18-54 years at baseline. Genetic modeling results showed that genetic influences on leisure time physical activity declined from baseline (44%) to follow-up (34%). Most of the genetic influences identified at baseline were present at followup (r(g) = 0.72). Specific environmental influences increased from baseline (56%) to follow-up (66%) while at follow-up new environmental time-specific influences were observed (r(e) = 0.23). The model with sex differences showed a higher estimate of genetic influences for men than women both at baseline (men 47% vs. women 42%) and at follow-up (men 38% vs. women 31%). The additive genetic correlation for this phenotype was greater for men (r(g) = 0.79) than women (r(g) = 0.64). The specific environmental influences were corresponding; at baseline men 53% and women 56% and at follow-up men 62 % and women 69%. The environmental correlations between the two time points were similar for men (r(e)= 0.21) and for women (r(e)= 0.24). In conclusion, in a sample of healthy twins most of the genetic influences on leisure time physical activity expressed at baseline were present at 6 years of follow-up. New specific environmental factors underlying follow-up leisure time physical activity were observed.
本研究的目的是通过6年的随访，考察遗传和环境因素对男性和女性双胞胎休闲时间身体活动影响的变化。基线时样本包括4280对同卵双胞胎和9276对异卵双胞胎个体，随访时为4383对同卵双胞胎和9439对异卵双胞胎个体。参与者基线时年龄为18 - 54岁。遗传建模结果显示，遗传因素对休闲时间身体活动的影响从基线时的44%降至随访时的34%。基线时确定的大多数遗传影响在随访时依然存在（遗传相关系数r(g) = 0.72）。特定环境影响从基线时的56%增加到随访时的66%，同时在随访时观察到新的特定环境时间影响（r(e) = 0.23）。存在性别差异的模型显示，无论是在基线时（男性47% vs. 女性42%）还是随访时（男性38% vs. 女性31%），男性的遗传影响估计值均高于女性。该表型的加性遗传相关性男性（r(g) = 0.79）大于女性（r(g) = 0.64）。特定环境影响情况与之对应；基线时男性为53%，女性为56%，随访时男性为62%，女性为69%。男性（r(e)= 0.21）和女性（r(e)= 0.24）在两个时间点的环境相关性相似。总之，在健康双胞胎样本中，基线时对休闲时间身体活动产生影响的大多数遗传因素在6年随访时依然存在。观察到了随访时休闲时间身体活动背后新的特定环境因素。
