Siegele D, Soltesz U
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1989 Winter;4(4):333-40.
The stress distribution generated in the surrounding jaw bone was calculated and compared for different types of dental implants (cylindrical, conical, stepped, screw-shaped, hollow cylindrical) by means of the finite-element method. Both a fixed bond and a pure contact without friction between implant and bone were considered as interface conditions. The results demonstrate that different implant shapes lead to significant variations in stress distributions in the bone. In particular, implant surfaces with very small radii of curvature (conical) or geometric discontinuities (stepped) imply distinctly higher stresses than smoother shapes (cylindrical, screw-shaped). Moreover, a fixed bond between implant and bone in the medullary region (as may be obtained with a bioactive coating) will be advantageous for the stress delivered to bone, since it produces a more uniform stress distribution than does a pure contact.
通过有限元方法，计算并比较了不同类型牙种植体（圆柱形、圆锥形、阶梯形、螺旋形、空心圆柱形）在颌骨周围产生的应力分布。种植体与骨之间的界面条件既考虑了固定结合，也考虑了无摩擦的纯接触。结果表明，不同的种植体形状会导致骨内应力分布的显著变化。特别是，曲率半径非常小的种植体表面（圆锥形）或几何不连续的表面（阶梯形）所产生的应力明显高于形状更光滑的表面（圆柱形、螺旋形）。此外，髓质区域种植体与骨之间的固定结合（如通过生物活性涂层获得）对传递至骨的应力是有利的，因为与纯接触相比，它能产生更均匀的应力分布。
