Center for Chronic Disease Outcomes Research, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 1 Veterans Drive, Building 9, Mail code: 152, Minneapolis, MN 55417, USA.
Division of Health Policy & Management, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2015 Sep;2(3):403-13. doi: 10.1007/s40615-015-0087-x.
In this study, authors sought to characterize race and gender disparities in mental health in a national sample of first year medical students early in their medical school experience.
This study used cross-sectional baseline data of Medical Student CHANGES, a large national longitudinal study of a cohort of medical students surveyed in the winter of 2010. Authors ascertained respondents via the American Association of Medical Colleges questionnaire, a third-party vendor-compiled list, and referral sampling.
A total of 4732 first year medical students completed the baseline survey; of these, 301 were African American and 2890 were White. Compared to White students and after adjusting for relevant covariates, African American students had a greater risk of being classified as having depressive (relative risk (RR)=1.59 [95 % confidence interval, 1.37-2.40]) and anxiety symptoms (RR=1.66 [1.08-2.71]). Women also had a greater risk of being classified as having depressive (RR=1.36 [1.07-1.63]) and anxiety symptoms (RR-1.95 [1.39-2.84]).
At the start of their first year of medical school, African American and female medical students were at a higher risk for depressive symptoms and anxiety than their White and male counterparts, respectively. The findings of this study have practical implications as poor mental and overall health inhibit learning and success in medical school, and physician distress negatively affects quality of clinical care.
在这项研究中，作者试图描述在医学专业学生早期医学学校经历中，心理健康方面的种族和性别差异。
本研究使用了“医学生变化”的横断面基线数据，这是一项对 2010 年冬季接受调查的医学生队列进行的大型全国纵向研究。作者通过美国医学院协会问卷、第三方供应商编制的名单和推荐抽样来确定受访者。
共有 4732 名一年级医学生完成了基线调查；其中，301 名是非洲裔美国人，2890 名是白人。与白人学生相比，并在调整了相关协变量后，非裔美国学生被归类为患有抑郁症状（相对风险 (RR)=1.59 [95 %置信区间，1.37-2.40]) 和焦虑症状（RR=1.66 [1.08-2.71]）的风险更高。女性也有更高的风险被归类为患有抑郁症状（RR=1.36 [1.07-1.63]）和焦虑症状（RR-1.95 [1.39-2.84]）。
在他们第一年的医学院学习开始时，非裔美国和女医学生比他们的白人男同学更容易出现抑郁症状和焦虑症。本研究的结果具有实际意义，因为心理健康和整体健康状况不佳会影响医学生的学习和成功，而医生的压力会对临床护理质量产生负面影响。
