a 1 Medical Research Council Unit , Fajara, The Gambia.
b 2 International Health Unit, University of Antwerp , Antwerp, Belgium.
Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2015;15(11):1419-26. doi: 10.1586/14737159.2015.1090878. Epub 2015 Sep 28.
Despite being preventable and treatable, malaria remains a global health concern with approximately 1.2 billion people at high risk of being infected, 90% of whom are in the resource-limited settings of sub-Saharan Africa. The continued decline in malaria cases globally has rekindled the possibility of elimination in certain regions. As humans constitute the main reservoir of malaria, prompt and accurate diagnosis by microscopy or rapid diagnostic tests is part not only of effective disease management but also of control measures. However, for malaria elimination, more sensitive diagnostic tools are needed to detect asymptomatic and sub-microscopic infections that contribute to transmission. Molecular techniques, which involve amplification of nucleic acids, are being developed and modified to suit this purpose. This report provides a summary of the nucleic acid amplification tests that are currently available for diagnosis of malaria, with current improvements and adaptations for use in resource-limited settings.
尽管疟疾是可以预防和治疗的，但它仍然是一个全球卫生关注点，约有 12 亿人面临感染的高风险，其中 90%生活在资源有限的撒哈拉以南非洲地区。全球疟疾病例持续下降，使某些地区消除疟疾的可能性重新燃起。由于人类是疟疾的主要宿主，及时、准确地通过显微镜或快速诊断检测进行诊断不仅是有效疾病管理的一部分，也是控制措施的一部分。然而，为了消除疟疾，需要更敏感的诊断工具来检测无症状和亚微观感染，这些感染有助于传播。涉及核酸扩增的分子技术正在开发和修改，以适应这一目的。本报告总结了目前可用于疟疾诊断的核酸扩增检测方法，以及为在资源有限的环境中使用而进行的当前改进和调整。
