Sayan Murat, Sargin Fatma, Inan Dilara, Sevgi Dilek Y, Celikbas Aysel K, Yasar Kadriye, Kaptan Figen, Kutlu Selda, Fisgin Nuriye T, Inci Ayse, Ceran Nurgul, Karaoglan Ilkay, Cagatay Atahan, Celen Mustafa K, Koruk Suda T, Ceylan Bahadir, Yildirmak Taner, Akalın Halis, Korten Volkan, Willke Ayse
1 Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Laboratory, PCR Unit, University of Kocaeli , Kocaeli, Turkey .
2 Research Center of Experimental Health Sciences, University of Near East , Nicosia, Northern Cyprus .
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2016 Jan;32(1):26-31. doi: 10.1089/AID.2015.0110. Epub 2015 Oct 21.
HIV-1 replication is rapid and highly error-prone. Transmission of a drug-resistant HIV-1 strain is possible and occurs within the HIV-1-infected population. In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of transmitted drug resistance mutations (TDRMs) in 1,306 newly diagnosed untreated HIV-1-infected patients from 21 cities across six regions of Turkey between 2010 and 2015. TDRMs were identified according to the criteria provided by the World Health Organization's 2009 list of surveillance drug resistance mutations. The HIV-1 TDRM prevalence was 10.1% (133/1,306) in Turkey. Primary drug resistance mutations (K65R, M184V) and thymidine analogue-associated mutations (TAMs) were evaluated together as nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) mutations. NRTI TDRMs were found in 8.1% (107/1,306) of patients. However, TAMs were divided into three categories and M41L, L210W, and T215Y mutations were found for TAM1 in 97 (7.4%) patients, D67N, K70R, K219E/Q/N/R, T215F, and T215C/D/S mutations were detected for TAM2 in 52 (3.9%) patients, and M41L + K219N and M41L + T215C/D/S mutations were detected for the TAM1 + TAM2 profile in 22 (1.7%) patients, respectively. Nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-associated TDRMs were detected in 3.3% (44/1,306) of patients (L100I, K101E/P, K103N/S, V179F, Y188H/L/M, Y181I/C, and G190A/E/S) and TDRMs to protease inhibitors were detected in 2.3% (30/1,306) of patients (M46L, I50V, I54V, Q58E, L76V, V82A/C/L/T, N83D, I84V, and L90M). In conclusion, long-term and large-scale monitoring of regional levels of HIV-1 TDRMs informs treatment guidelines and provides feedback on the success of HIV-1 prevention and treatment efforts.
HIV-1复制迅速且极易出错。耐药HIV-1毒株的传播是可能的，且发生在HIV-1感染人群中。在本研究中，我们旨在确定2010年至2015年间来自土耳其六个地区21个城市的1306例新诊断未治疗的HIV-1感染患者中传播耐药突变（TDRMs）的流行情况。根据世界卫生组织2009年监测耐药突变列表提供的标准来识别TDRMs。土耳其的HIV-1 TDRM流行率为10.1%（133/1306）。主要耐药突变（K65R、M184V）和与胸苷类似物相关的突变（TAMs）被一起评估为核苷（酸）逆转录酶抑制剂（NRTI）突变。在8.1%（107/1306）的患者中发现了NRTI TDRMs。然而，TAMs被分为三类，在97例（7.4%）患者中发现了TAM1的M41L、L210W和T215Y突变，在52例（3.9%）患者中检测到了TAM2的D67N、K70R、K219E/Q/N/R、T215F和T215C/D/S突变，在22例（1.7%）患者中分别检测到了TAM1 + TAM2模式的M41L + K219N和M41L + T215C/D/S突变。在3.3%（44/1306）的患者中检测到了非核苷逆转录酶抑制剂相关的TDRMs（L100I、K101E/P、K103N/S、V179F、Y188H/L/M、Y181I/C和G190A/E/S），在2.3%（30/1306）的患者中检测到了对蛋白酶抑制剂的TDRMs（M46L、I50V、I54V、Q58E、L76V、V82A/C/L/T、N83D、I84V和L90M）。总之，对HIV-1 TDRMs区域水平进行长期大规模监测可为治疗指南提供信息，并为HIV-1预防和治疗工作的成效提供反馈。
