Gumbo Amen, Bangure Donewell, Gombe Notion T, Mungati More, Tshimanga Mufuta, Hwalima Zanele, Dube Ignatious
Department of Community Medicine, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe.
City Health Department, Bulawayo City Council, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe.
BMC Res Notes. 2015 Sep 28;8:485. doi: 10.1186/s13104-015-1490-4.
Bulawayo City Council held an Integrated Result Based Management workshop among 86 employees from August 18-22, 2014 at Ikhwezi Training Centre in Bulawayo City. On August 21, 2014, a report of diarrhoea among Council employees attending the workshop was received. We investigated the outbreak to determine the risk factors associated with diarrhoea at Ikhwezi Training Centre, Bulawayo City.
A retrospective cohort study was conducted where 74 Council employees were interviewed on food consumed and presenting signs and symptoms. Stool specimens and hand swabs were collected for culture. Water samples were collected for bacteriological analysis. Food samples were not available. Data were analysed using Epi Info™ to generate frequencies, means, proportions, risk ratios, and attributable risk.
Of the 74 employees interviewed 34 (45.9%) were males and 40 (54%) were females. The response rate was 94%. The common signs and symptoms included abdominal cramps (88.7%), and watery diarrhoea (86.8%). The overall attack rate was 71.6%. Eating stewed chicken (RR = 2.52, 95% CI 1.30-4.89) served at hour 13:00 during lunch on August 20, 2014 at Ikhwezi Training Centre was the only significant risk factor associated with food poisoning. Drinking purified bottled water [RR = 0.67, 95% CI (0.57-0.79)] was found to be protective. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from the hands and nails of food handlers.
The outbreak was due to food poisoning and was most likely caused by the Staphylococcus aureus formed toxins. Stewed chicken served during lunch on August 20, 2014 was the possible source of infection. Contamination might have occurred during food handling and preparation. Training of food handlers in basic food hygiene and safety is recommended.
布拉瓦约市议会于2014年8月18日至22日在布拉瓦约市的伊克韦齐培训中心为86名员工举办了一次基于综合成果的管理研讨会。2014年8月21日，收到了一份关于参加该研讨会的议会员工腹泻的报告。我们对此次疫情进行了调查，以确定布拉瓦约市伊克韦齐培训中心与腹泻相关的风险因素。
开展了一项回顾性队列研究，对74名议会员工就所食用的食物以及出现的体征和症状进行了访谈。采集了粪便标本和手部拭子进行培养。采集了水样进行细菌学分析。没有食物样本。使用Epi Info™对数据进行分析，以生成频率、均值、比例、风险比和归因风险。
在接受访谈的74名员工中，34名（45.9%）为男性，40名（54%）为女性。应答率为94%。常见的体征和症状包括腹部绞痛（88.7%）和水样腹泻（86.8%）。总体发病率为71.6%。2014年8月20日午餐13:00在伊克韦齐培训中心供应的炖鸡（RR = 2.52，95% CI 1.30 - 4.89）是与食物中毒相关的唯一显著风险因素。饮用净化瓶装水[RR = 0.67，95% CI（0.57 - 0.79）]被发现具有保护作用。从食品处理人员的手部和指甲中分离出了金黄色葡萄球菌。
此次疫情是由食物中毒引起的，很可能是由金黄色葡萄球菌产生的毒素所致。2014年8月20日午餐时供应的炖鸡可能是感染源。污染可能发生在食品处理和制备过程中。建议对食品处理人员进行基本食品卫生和安全培训。
