Akono P Ntonga, Tonga C, Mbida J A Mbida, Hondt O E Ngo, Ambene P Awono, Ndo C, Magne G Tamdem, Peka M F, Ngaha R, Lehman L G
Laboratoire de physiologie et de biologie animale, département de biologie animale, Faculté des sciences, Université de Douala, BP 24157, Douala, Cameroun.
Organisation de coordination pour la lutte contre les endémies en Afrique Centrale, BP 15665, Yaoundé, Cameroun.
Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 2015 Dec;108(5):360-8. doi: 10.1007/s13149-015-0452-3. Epub 2015 Sep 29.
An entomological survey was carried out from August to November 2013, in order to determine the vector system of a building site for social housing in a coastal periurban district of Douala (Cameroon). Mosquito larvae were collected and adult endophilic mosquitoes captured on volunteers, for a total sample of 4897 mosquitoes. Morpho-taxonomic techniques alongside molecular techniques enabled the identification of 4 species, all aggressive to humans: Cx. pipiens (22.3%), Ae. albopictus (0.3%), An. coluzzii and An. gambiae (77.4%). The overall average biting rate recorded was 41.73 bites/person/night (b/p/n). An. gambiae s.l. represents 90.82% of this aggressive fauna, followed by Cx. pipiens (8.58%) and Ae. albopictus (0.6%). The detection of CSP showed that An. gambiae was responsible for 100% of P. falciparum transmission. The overall mean Entomological Inoculation Rate (EIR) was 3.94 ib/p/n. Female An. gambiae mortality rates were 14.47%, 82.5% and 100% respectively with DDT, permethrin and deltamethrin. The proliferation of An. gambiae in this area during raining season, at the detriment of An. coluzzii Coetze & Wilkerson and An. melas Theobald known to be major malaria vectors in island and coastal areas of Africa, may owe to the forest that still colonises this coastal peri-urban locality. Residents should therefore make use of deltamethrin based protective measures.
2013年8月至11月进行了一项昆虫学调查，以确定喀麦隆杜阿拉沿海城郊地区一个社会住房建筑工地的病媒系统。收集了蚊子幼虫，并在志愿者身上捕获了嗜室内的成年蚊子，共采集了4897只蚊子样本。形态分类技术和分子技术相结合，鉴定出4种对人类有攻击性的蚊子：尖音库蚊（22.3%）、白纹伊蚊（0.3%）、科氏疟蚊和冈比亚疟蚊（77.4%）。记录的总体平均叮咬率为41.73次叮咬/人/夜（b/p/n）。冈比亚疟蚊复合组占这种攻击性蚊类的90.82%，其次是尖音库蚊（8.58%）和白纹伊蚊（0.6%）。疟原虫环子孢子蛋白（CSP）检测表明，冈比亚疟蚊是恶性疟原虫传播的唯一媒介。总体平均昆虫接种率（EIR）为3.94感染性叮咬/人/夜。用滴滴涕、氯菊酯和溴氰菊酯处理后，雌性冈比亚疟蚊的死亡率分别为14.47%、82.5%和100%。在雨季，冈比亚疟蚊在该地区大量繁殖，而非洲岛屿和沿海地区主要的疟疾传播媒介科氏疟蚊和黑疟蚊数量减少，这可能是由于该沿海城郊地区仍有森林的缘故。因此，居民应采取基于溴氰菊酯的防护措施。
