1990 年至 2017 年期间，喀麦隆主要疟疾传播媒介抗杀虫剂的演变综述。

Review of the evolution of insecticide resistance in main malaria vectors in Cameroon from 1990 to 2017.

机构信息

Laboratoire de Recherche sur le Paludisme, Organisation de Coordination pour la lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), Yaoundé, Cameroon.

Vector Group, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, UK.

出版信息

Parasit Vectors. 2017 Oct 10;10(1):472. doi: 10.1186/s13071-017-2417-9.

BACKGROUND

Malaria remains a major public health threat in Cameroon and disease prevention is facing strong challenges due to the rapid expansion of insecticide resistance in vector populations. The present review presents an overview of published data on insecticide resistance in the main malaria vectors in Cameroon to assist in the elaboration of future and sustainable resistance management strategies.

METHODS

A systematic search on mosquito susceptibility to insecticides and insecticide resistance in malaria vectors in Cameroon was conducted using online bibliographic databases including PubMed, Google and Google Scholar. From each peer-reviewed paper, information on the year of the study, mosquito species, susceptibility levels, location, insecticides, data source and resistance mechanisms were extracted and inserted in a Microsoft Excel datasheet. The data collected were then analysed for assessing insecticide resistance evolution.

RESULTS

Thirty-three scientific publications were selected for the analysis. The rapid evolution of insecticide resistance across the country was reported from 2000 onward. Insecticide resistance was highly prevalent in both An. gambiae (s.l.) and An. funestus. DDT, permethrin, deltamethrin and bendiocarb appeared as the most affected compounds by resistance. From 2000 to 2017 a steady increase in the prevalence of kdr allele frequency was noted in almost all sites in An. gambiae (s.l.), with the L1014F kdr allele being the most prevalent. Several detoxification genes (particularly P450 monooxygenase) were associated with DDT, pyrethroids and bendiocarb resistance. In An. funestus, resistance to DDT and pyrethroids was mainly attributed to the 119F-GSTe2 metabolic resistance marker and over-expression of P450 genes whereas the 296S-RDL mutation was detected in dieldrin-resistant An. funestus.

CONCLUSIONS

The review provides an update of insecticide resistance status in malaria vector populations in Cameroon and stresses the need for further actions to reinforce malaria control strategies in the coming years.

背景

疟疾仍然是喀麦隆的主要公共卫生威胁，由于病媒种群中杀虫剂抗药性的迅速扩大，疾病预防面临着严峻的挑战。本综述介绍了喀麦隆主要疟疾传播媒介中杀虫剂抗药性的已发表数据概述，以协助制定未来可持续的抗药性管理策略。

方法

使用在线书目数据库（包括 PubMed、Google 和 Google Scholar）对喀麦隆蚊虫对杀虫剂的敏感性和疟疾传播媒介中的杀虫剂抗药性进行了系统检索。从每篇同行评议论文中，提取了研究年份、蚊虫种类、敏感性水平、地点、杀虫剂、数据源和抗药性机制等信息，并插入 Microsoft Excel 数据表中。然后对收集的数据进行分析，以评估杀虫剂抗药性的演变。

结果

选择了 33 篇科学出版物进行分析。自 2000 年以来，报告了该国各地杀虫剂抗药性的迅速演变。在冈比亚按蚊（s.l.）和冈比亚按蚊（An. funestus）中均高度流行杀虫剂抗药性。DDT、氯菊酯、溴氰菊酯和丁醚脲等被认为是受抗药性影响最大的化合物。从 2000 年到 2017 年，在冈比亚按蚊（s.l.）的几乎所有地点，kdr 等位基因频率的流行率都在稳步上升，其中 L1014F kdr 等位基因最为流行。几种解毒基因（特别是 P450 单加氧酶）与 DDT、拟除虫菊酯和丁醚脲抗药性有关。在冈比亚按蚊（An. funestus）中，对 DDT 和拟除虫菊酯的抗药性主要归因于 119F-GSTe2 代谢抗性标志物和 P450 基因的过度表达，而在二氯苯醚菊酯抗性冈比亚按蚊（An. funestus）中检测到 296S-RDL 突变。