Sandberg Kathryn, Ji Hong, Einstein Gillian, Au April, Hay Meredith
Department of Medicine and Center for the Study of Sex Differences in Health, Aging and Disease, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.
Department of Psychology and Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Women's Health University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Exp Physiol. 2016 Mar;101(3):368-74. doi: 10.1113/EP085149. Epub 2015 Oct 20.
What is the topic of this review? This review summarizes recent data on the role of ovarian hormones and sex in inflammation-related hypertension. What advances does it highlight? The adaptive immune system has recently been implicated in the development of hypertension in males but not in females. The role of the immune system in the development of hypertension in women and its relationship to ovarian hormone production are highlighted. The immune system is known to contribute to the development of high blood pressure in males. However, the role of the immune system in the development of high blood pressure in females and the role of ovarian hormones has only recently begun to be studied. In animal studies, both the sex of the host and the T cell are critical biological determinants of susceptibility and resistance to hypertension induced by angiotensin II. In women, natural menopause is known to result in significant changes in the expression of genes regulating the immune system. Likewise, in animal models, ovariectomy results in hypertension and an upregulation in T-cell tumour necrosis factor-α-related genes. Oestrogen replacement results in decreases in inflammatory genes in the brain regions involved in blood pressure regulation. Together, these studies suggest that the response of the adaptive immune system to ovarian hormone deficiency is a significant contributor to hypertension in women.
本综述的主题是什么？本综述总结了关于卵巢激素和性别在炎症相关性高血压中作用的最新数据。它突出了哪些进展？适应性免疫系统最近被认为与男性高血压的发生有关，但与女性无关。文中强调了免疫系统在女性高血压发生中的作用及其与卵巢激素分泌的关系。已知免疫系统在男性高血压的发生中起作用。然而，免疫系统在女性高血压发生中的作用以及卵巢激素的作用直到最近才开始被研究。在动物研究中，宿主的性别和T细胞都是对血管紧张素II诱导的高血压易感性和抵抗力的关键生物学决定因素。在女性中，自然绝经会导致调节免疫系统的基因表达发生显著变化。同样，在动物模型中，卵巢切除会导致高血压以及T细胞肿瘤坏死因子-α相关基因的上调。雌激素替代会使参与血压调节的脑区炎症基因减少。这些研究共同表明，适应性免疫系统对卵巢激素缺乏的反应是女性高血压的一个重要促成因素。
