Ouyang Chung-Mei, Dwyer Johanna T, Jacques Paul F, Chuang Lee-Ming, Haas Catherine F, Weinger Katie
Department of Dietetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
The Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2015;24(3):438-43. doi: 10.6133/apjcn.2015.24.3.03.
We examined the influences of patients' background characteristics on the frequency of performing five diabetes self-care behaviours that 185 Taiwanese outpatients reported. All patients had type 2 diabetes diagnosed for more than a year and attended an outpatient clinic at a large university hospital where they had received at least one dietitian-led individual nutrition education session and one nurse-led diabetes education session during the course of their care. Seventy nine percent of the patients regularly (defined as responses often or always on the questionnaire) took their medications and over half followed recommended meal plans and exercised, but fewer performed foot care (38%) or checked their blood glucose levels (20%) regularly. The associations between patients' demographics and disease-related characteristics and their performance of self-care behaviours were assessed with logistic regression. Although checking blood glucose levels and performing diabetes foot care were unrelated to any clinical outcome examined, patients who took their diabetes medications had lower hemoglobin A1c levels and fewer chronic complications than those who did not. Furthermore, patients who followed a diabetes meal plan also had lower hemoglobin A1c levels, and those who exercised regularly had healthier body mass indices (BMI) than those who did not.
我们研究了患者背景特征对185名台湾门诊患者报告的五种糖尿病自我护理行为频率的影响。所有患者均患有2型糖尿病且病程超过一年，他们在一所大型大学医院的门诊就诊，在治疗过程中至少接受过一次营养师主导的个体营养教育课程和一次护士主导的糖尿病教育课程。79%的患者定期（问卷中定义为经常或总是回答）服药，超过一半的患者遵循推荐的饮食计划并进行锻炼，但定期进行足部护理的患者较少（38%），定期检测血糖水平的患者也较少（20%）。采用逻辑回归评估患者的人口统计学和疾病相关特征与自我护理行为表现之间的关联。虽然检测血糖水平和进行糖尿病足部护理与所检查的任何临床结果均无关，但服用糖尿病药物的患者糖化血红蛋白水平较低，慢性并发症也比未服药的患者少。此外，遵循糖尿病饮食计划的患者糖化血红蛋白水平也较低，定期锻炼的患者身体质量指数（BMI）比不锻炼的患者更健康。
