Oh Se Won, Han Kum Hyun, Han Sang Youb, Koo Ho Seok, Kim Suhnggwon, Chin Ho Jun
From the Department of Internal Medicine, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang (SWO, KHH, SYH); Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine (HSK); The Research Institute of Salt and Health, Seoul (HSK, SK, HJC); Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam (HJC); and Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (HJC).
Medicine (Baltimore). 2015 Sep;94(39):e1650. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000001650.
Sodium intake was reported to be related to metabolic syndrome (MS). Although a strong association between sodium intake and blood pressure (BP) has been reported, the relationship between sodium intake and other components of MS is unknown. An observational study of 18,146 adults in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey IV-V databases (2008-2011) was performed. Estimates of 24-h sodium excretion were made from a single fasting urine sample. A significant positive association was found between sodium excretion and systolic BP and between sodium excretion and diastolic BP in participants with and without hypertension after adjusting for multiple covariates (P < 0.001 for trend). The relationship between triglyceride or glucose levels and sodium excretion was linear (P < 0.005). In both men and women, a positive relationship between sodium excretion and waist circumference and an inverse relationship between sodium excretion and high-density lipoprotein were found (P ≤ 0.001). Body fat percentage, body fat mass, and insulin level were positively related to sodium excretion (P ≤ 0.001), and HOMA-IR was significantly associated with sodium excretion (P < 0.05). The risk of MS was elevated 1.279-fold in the second quartile of sodium excretion (95% CI, 1.088-1.504, P = 0.003), 1.479-fold in the third quartile (95% CI, 1.262-1.734; P < 0.001), and 1.929-fold in the highest quartile (95% CI 1.654-2.249, P < .001) compared with the lowest quartile. Sodium intake is significantly associated with all components of MS, body fat, and insulin resistance. Therefore, a high-salt diet is a significant risk factor for MS.
据报道，钠摄入量与代谢综合征（MS）有关。尽管已有报道称钠摄入量与血压（BP）之间存在密切关联，但钠摄入量与MS其他组分之间的关系尚不清楚。本研究对韩国国家健康与营养检查调查IV-V数据库（2008 - 2011年）中的18146名成年人进行了一项观察性研究。通过单次空腹尿液样本估算24小时钠排泄量。在调整多个协变量后，无论有无高血压，参与者的钠排泄量与收缩压以及钠排泄量与舒张压之间均存在显著正相关（趋势P<0.001）。甘油三酯或血糖水平与钠排泄量之间的关系呈线性（P<0.005）。在男性和女性中，均发现钠排泄量与腰围呈正相关，与高密度脂蛋白呈负相关（P≤0.001）。体脂百分比、体脂量和胰岛素水平与钠排泄量呈正相关（P≤0.001），且胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）与钠排泄量显著相关（P<0.05）。与最低四分位数相比，钠排泄量第二四分位数的MS风险升高了1.279倍（95%CI，1.088 - 1.504，P = 0.003），第三四分位数升高了1.479倍（95%CI，1.262 - 1.734；P<0.001），最高四分位数升高了1.929倍（95%CI 1.654 - 2.249，P<0.001）。钠摄入量与MS的所有组分、体脂和胰岛素抵抗均显著相关。因此，高盐饮食是MS的一个重要危险因素。
