Faúndes Anibal, Shah Iqbal H
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Center for Research in Reproductive Health, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2015 Oct;131 Suppl 1:S56-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2015.03.018.
Unsafe abortion continues to be a major cause of maternal death; it accounts for 14.5% of all maternal deaths globally and almost all of these deaths occur in countries with restrictive abortion laws. A strong body of accumulated evidence shows that the simple means to drastically reduce unsafe abortion-related maternal deaths and morbidity is to make abortion legal and institutional termination of pregnancy broadly accessible. Despite this evidence, abortion is denied even when the legal condition for abortion is met. The present article aims to contribute to a better understanding that one can be in favor of greater access to safe abortion services, while at the same time not be "in favor of abortion," by reviewing the evidence that indicates that criminalization of abortion only increases mortality and morbidity without decreasing the incidence of induced abortion, and that decriminalization rapidly reduces abortion-related mortality and does not increase abortion rates.
不安全堕胎仍然是孕产妇死亡的主要原因；它占全球所有孕产妇死亡的14.5%，几乎所有这些死亡都发生在堕胎法律严格的国家。大量累积证据表明，大幅减少与不安全堕胎相关的孕产妇死亡和发病的简单方法是使堕胎合法化，并使妊娠的机构性终止广泛可得。尽管有这些证据，但即使满足堕胎的法律条件，堕胎仍被拒绝。本文旨在通过回顾相关证据来促进更好的理解，即人们可以支持更广泛地获得安全堕胎服务，同时并不“支持堕胎”，这些证据表明，将堕胎定为犯罪只会增加死亡率和发病率，而不会降低人工流产的发生率，而将堕胎合法化会迅速降低与堕胎相关的死亡率，且不会提高堕胎率。
