Leonelli Sabina, Spichtinger Daniel, Prainsack Barbara
Exeter Centre for the Study of the Life Sciences and Department of Sociology, Philosophy and Anthropology, University of Exeter.
European Commission, DG Research and Innovation, Unit A.6. - Science Policy, Foresight and Data.
Geo. 2015 Jun 30;2(1):12-16. doi: 10.1002/geo2.2.
The Open Science (OS) movement has been seen as an important facilitator for public participation in science. This has been underpinned by the assumption that widespread and free access to research outputs leads to (i) better and more efficient science, (ii) economic growth, in particular for small and medium-sized enterprises wishing to capitalise on research findings and (iii) increased transparency of knowledge production and its outcomes. The latter in particular could function as a catalyst for public participation and engagement. Whether OS is likely to help realise these benefits, however, will depend on the emergence of systemic incentives for scientists to utilise OS in a meaningful manner. While some areas, the environmental sciences have a long tradition of open ethos, citizen inclusion and global collaborations, such activities need to be more systematically supported and promoted by funders and learned societies in order to improve scientific research and public participation.
开放科学（OS）运动被视为公众参与科学的重要推动者。这一观点的依据是，广泛且免费获取研究成果会带来以下几点：（i）更优质、更高效的科学；（ii）经济增长，特别是对于希望利用研究成果的中小企业而言；（iii）知识生产及其成果的透明度提高。后者尤其可能成为公众参与和互动的催化剂。然而，开放科学是否有可能帮助实现这些益处，将取决于能否出现系统性激励措施，促使科学家以有意义的方式利用开放科学。虽然在某些领域，环境科学在开放理念、公民参与和全球合作方面有着悠久的传统，但资助者和学术团体需要更系统地支持和推动此类活动，以改善科学研究和公众参与。
