Madi Deepak, Gupta Parul, Achappa Basavaprabhu, Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan, Ramapuram John T, Rao Satish, Mahalingam Soundarya
Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Kasturba Medical college, Mangalore. Affiliated to Manipal University , Mangalore, India .
Undergraduate Student, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore. Affiliated to Manipal University , Mangalore, India .
J Clin Diagn Res. 2015 Aug;9(8):OC14-6. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2015/12511.6373. Epub 2015 Aug 1.
As patients with HIV live longer due to Combination Anti-Retroviral Therapy (cART) serostatus disclosure becomes an important issue. Disclosure can have both positive and negative outcomes. Disclosure of HIV status has been associated with better adherence to medication and reduction in levels of psychological distress. Stigma and disruption of family relationships are barriers for disclosure. Most studies regarding disclosure status have been conducted in West. There are many cultural differences in Indian society when compared to west. There is a dearth of research in the field of disclosure of HIV infection in India.
To determine the prevalence of HIV status disclosure among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in South India.
This descriptive cross-sectional study was done in the hospital attached to Kasturba Medical College (KMC), Mangalore, India from May-June 2013. PLHIV of age more than 18 years were included. During the study period 111 consecutive patients who consented for the study were enrolled.
Data was collected using a pre-tested interviewer administered semi structured questionnaire. Data collected was analysed using SPSS Version 11.5 statistical software. Descriptive statistics were done and the results are presented as proportions and mean.
The mean age of the study population was 44.86 ± 10.8 years. Majority of the study subjects were men 76 (68.4%). Out of 111 study subjects, 102 (91.9%) had disclosed their HIV status to at least one person while 9 (8.1%) had not disclosed their HIV status to anyone. Disclosure on doctor's advice was the main reason for 56 (54.9%) participants to disclose their HIV status. The main reason for non-disclosure was fear of shame in family.
Disclosure rate was high in our study in the era of cART. Society must stop discriminating against PLHIV so that they can disclose their serostatus and gain access to care and treatment services without any fear of stigma. In our study the main reason for disclosure was doctor's advice which clearly states the importance of the commitment of doctors in creating awareness among PLHIV about the need for voluntary disclosure.
由于联合抗逆转录病毒疗法（cART），艾滋病病毒（HIV）感染者的寿命延长，血清学状态的披露成为一个重要问题。披露可能产生积极和消极的结果。披露HIV感染状况与更好地坚持服药以及减轻心理困扰程度有关。耻辱感和家庭关系的破裂是披露的障碍。大多数关于披露状况的研究是在西方进行的。与西方相比，印度社会存在许多文化差异。在印度，关于HIV感染披露领域的研究匮乏。
确定印度南部HIV感染者（PLHIV）中HIV感染状况的披露率。
这项描述性横断面研究于2013年5月至6月在印度芒格洛尔卡斯图尔巴医学院（KMC）附属的医院进行。纳入年龄超过18岁的PLHIV。在研究期间，连续111名同意参与研究的患者被纳入。
使用预先测试的由访谈员管理的半结构化问卷收集数据。收集到的数据使用SPSS 11.5版统计软件进行分析。进行描述性统计，结果以比例和均值表示。
研究人群的平均年龄为44.86±10.8岁。大多数研究对象为男性，共76人（68.4%）。在111名研究对象中，102人（91.9%）已向至少一人披露了他们的HIV感染状况，而9人（8.1%）未向任何人披露其HIV感染状况。因医生建议而披露是56名（54.9%）参与者披露其HIV感染状况的主要原因。未披露的主要原因是担心家庭中的耻辱感。
在cART时代，我们的研究中披露率很高。社会必须停止对PLHIV的歧视，以便他们能够披露自己的血清学状态并获得护理和治疗服务，而无需担心耻辱感。在我们的研究中，披露的主要原因是医生的建议，这清楚地表明了医生在提高PLHIV对自愿披露必要性的认识方面所做承诺的重要性。
