Lood Rolf, Waldetoft Kristofer Wollein, Nordenfelt Pontus
Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden.
Future Microbiol. 2015;10(10):1659-68. doi: 10.2217/fmb.15.89. Epub 2015 Oct 6.
Bacterial infections are becoming an increasing problem worldwide and there is a need for a deeper understanding of how bacteria turn pathogenic. Here, we suggest that one answer may be found by taking into account the localization of the bacteria, both at an anatomical level and at a microenvironment level. Both commensals and traditional pathogens alter their interaction with the human host depending on the local surroundings--turning either more or less virulent. These localization effects could derive from the characteristics of different anatomical sites but also from local differences within a microenvironment. In order to understand the adaptive functions of bacterial virulence factors, we need to study the bacteria in the environments where they have evolved.
细菌感染在全球范围内正成为一个日益严重的问题，因此有必要更深入地了解细菌如何转变为病原体。在此，我们认为，通过考虑细菌在解剖学层面和微环境层面的定位，或许能找到一个答案。共生菌和传统病原体都会根据局部环境改变它们与人类宿主的相互作用——毒性或增强或减弱。这些定位效应可能源于不同解剖部位的特征，也可能源于微环境内的局部差异。为了理解细菌毒力因子的适应性功能，我们需要在细菌进化所处的环境中对其进行研究。
