Mays Darren, Tercyak Kenneth P, Lipkus Isaac M
Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC;
Duke University School of Nursing, Durham, NC.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2016 May;18(5):777-84. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntv223. Epub 2015 Oct 4.
This study investigated the immediate effects of brief education messages delivered online about harms and addictiveness of waterpipe tobacco use among young adult waterpipe users aged 18 to 30 years.
Participants (n = 327, mean age 24.8 years, 62.1% male, 77.6% white, 67.8% used waterpipe monthly, 26.4% weekly, 5.8% daily) were recruited online and randomized to one of three experimental conditions: (1) Control condition viewing no messages; (2) Harms condition viewing messages about harms of waterpipe tobacco; (3) Harms and addiction condition viewing messages about harms and addictiveness of waterpipe tobacco. Outcomes included perceived harm and addictiveness of waterpipe, worry about harm and addiction, and desire to quit.
Compared to the control condition, participants in the harms condition reported significantly greater perceived harm and addictiveness of waterpipe relative to cigarettes, perceived risk of harm and addiction, worry about harm and addiction, and desire to quit. There were few significant differences in these outcomes between participants in the harms condition and the harms and addiction condition. Mediation analyses suggest waterpipe tobacco use harm messages may increase desire to quit by producing greater worry about harm and addiction.
Brief education messages about waterpipe tobacco use harm increased young adult's perceptions of harm and addictiveness of waterpipe tobacco use and generated stronger desire to quit. The waterpipe tobacco use addiction messages tested had little added impact. Studies should prospectively examine the real-world impact of waterpipe tobacco use harm messages and investigate more effective strategies for designing addiction messages.
This study demonstrates that brief education messages about waterpipe tobacco use harm can increase young adult waterpipe tobacco user's perceptions of harm and addictiveness of waterpipe tobacco use and generate stronger desire to quit. The findings indicate messages on addictiveness of waterpipe tobacco use have no added impact on these outcomes.
本研究调查了在线发送的关于18至30岁年轻水烟使用者使用水烟的危害和成瘾性的简短教育信息的即时效果。
参与者（n = 327，平均年龄24.8岁，62.1%为男性，77.6%为白人，67.8%每月使用水烟，26.4%每周使用，5.8%每天使用）通过在线招募，并随机分配到三种实验条件之一：（1）对照条件，不查看任何信息；（2）危害条件，查看关于水烟危害的信息；（3）危害与成瘾条件，查看关于水烟危害和成瘾性的信息。结果包括对水烟的感知危害和成瘾性、对危害和成瘾的担忧以及戒烟意愿。
与对照条件相比，危害条件下的参与者报告称，相对于香烟，他们对水烟的感知危害和成瘾性、对危害和成瘾的感知风险、对危害和成瘾的担忧以及戒烟意愿显著更高。危害条件下的参与者与危害与成瘾条件下的参与者在这些结果上几乎没有显著差异。中介分析表明，水烟使用危害信息可能通过引发对危害和成瘾的更大担忧来增加戒烟意愿。
关于水烟使用危害的简短教育信息增加了年轻成年人对水烟使用危害和成瘾性的认知，并产生了更强的戒烟意愿。所测试的水烟使用成瘾信息几乎没有额外影响。研究应前瞻性地考察水烟使用危害信息在现实世界中的影响，并研究设计成瘾信息的更有效策略。
本研究表明，关于水烟使用危害的简短教育信息可以增加年轻水烟使用者对水烟使用危害和成瘾性的认知，并产生更强的戒烟意愿。研究结果表明，关于水烟使用成瘾性的信息对这些结果没有额外影响。
