Finlayson Catherine, Saingamsook Jassada, Somboon Pradya
Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, United Kingdom.
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Thailand.
Acta Trop. 2015 Dec;152:245-251. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.09.026. Epub 2015 Oct 9.
This study developed an artificial feeding (AF) method to replace direct host feeding (DHF) for the maintenance of Aedes aegypti and Anopheles minimus mosquito colonies. The procedure can be adopted by all laboratories due to its simple and affordable materials and design. The apparatus consists of heparinized cow blood contained in a 5cm diameter glass petri dish with 5cm(2) Parafilm M (Bemis(®)) stretched thinly over the top, with a pre-heated bag of vegetable oil placed underneath to keep the blood warm. Both parts are contained within an insulated Styrofoam™ box with a hole in the lid for mosquitoes to access the membrane. Mosquitoes are fed by AF for 15min at a time. Feeding rate and fecundity of Ae. aegypti mosquitoes feeding on the AF device were compared to those feeding on a live rat (DHF(r)), and of Anopheles minimus mosquitoes feeding on the AF device compared to those feeding on a human arm (DHF(h)). Aedes aegypti mosquitoes fed by AF or DHF(r) had similar feeding rates (38.2±21.5% and 35.7±18.2%, respectively) and overall egg production (1.5% difference). Anopheles minimus mosquitoes fed by the AF method had a lower feeding rate (52.0±1.0% for AF compared to 70.7±20.2% for DHF(h)) and overall egg production (40% reduction compared to DHF(h)). However, the number of eggs produced by AF-fed mosquitoes (1808 eggs per 100 mosquitoes) was still sufficient for colony maintenance, and with increased feeding time both parameters are expected to increase. Reduced feeding rate and overall egg production was observed when Ae. aegypti mosquitoes were fed on blood refrigerated for over two weeks. In conclusion, an AF device has been developed which can replace DHF for Ae. aegypti and An. minimus colony maintenance when using blood refrigerated for a maximum of two weeks.
本研究开发了一种人工喂养（AF）方法，以取代直接宿主喂养（DHF）来维持埃及伊蚊和微小按蚊的蚊群。由于其材料和设计简单且经济实惠，所有实验室均可采用该方法。该装置由盛于直径5厘米玻璃培养皿中的肝素化牛血组成，培养皿顶部覆盖有一层薄薄的5平方厘米的派拉膜M（贝米斯公司（®）），下面放置一袋预热的植物油以保持血液温暖。两部分均置于一个带隔热层的聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料™盒中，盒盖上有一个孔供蚊子接触膜。蚊子每次通过AF喂养15分钟。将以AF装置喂养的埃及伊蚊的摄食率和繁殖力与以活鼠喂养的埃及伊蚊（DHF(r)）进行比较，将以AF装置喂养的微小按蚊的摄食率和繁殖力与以人手臂喂养的微小按蚊（DHF(h)）进行比较。通过AF或DHF(r)喂养的埃及伊蚊具有相似的摄食率（分别为38.2±21.5%和35.7±18.2%）和总产卵量（相差1.5%）。通过AF方法喂养的微小按蚊摄食率较低（AF为52.0±1.0%，而DHF(h)为70.7±20.2%）且总产卵量较低（与DHF(h)相比减少40%）。然而，通过AF喂养的蚊子产生的卵数（每100只蚊子1808个卵）仍足以维持蚊群，并且随着喂养时间的增加，这两个参数预计都会增加。当埃及伊蚊以冷藏超过两周的血液为食时，观察到摄食率和总产卵量降低。总之，已开发出一种AF装置，当使用冷藏时间最长为两周的血液时，该装置可取代DHF来维持埃及伊蚊和微小按蚊的蚊群。
