Bos Henny M W, Boschloo Lynn, Schoevers Robert A, Sandfort Theo G M
Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Research Institute of Child Development and Education Nieuwe Prinsengracht 130, 1018 VZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Faculty of Medical Sciences, Academic Centre of Psychiatry, University of Groningen Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Brain Behav. 2015 Sep;5(9):e00363. doi: 10.1002/brb3.363. Epub 2015 Jul 14.
The aim of this study was to compare clinical expressions (severity and loneliness), lifestyle factors (substance use), and vulnerability indicators (stressful childhood experiences) in patients with any same-sex attraction versus heterosexual patients diagnosed with depression and/or anxiety disorder. Little is known about this, even though it is now well documented that depression and anxiety are more prevalent among persons with same-sex attraction.
Data, derived from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA), allowed us to compare patients with a same-sex (n = 122) and an exclusively opposite-sex (n = 1658) attraction. Persons with same-sex attraction included persons who were attracted to both sexes. Data were collected by means of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview and paper-and pencil questionnaires.
Seven percent of the patients reported any same-sex orientation. Clinical expression of depression and anxiety did not differ in relation to sexual attraction. Regarding substance use, same-sex attracted women reported more drug use than heterosexual women (drug use: 16.2% vs. 6.6%, P = 0.003). Regarding stressful childhood experiences, men with any same-sex attraction reported more sexual abuse during childhood than men with a heterosexual orientation (20.4% vs. 8.5%, P = 0.005).
For women with same-sex attraction substance use (especially illicit drug use) might be a coping mechanism to deal with existing symptoms or with the minority stressors they have to deal with; for same-sex attracted men stressful childhood experiences might reflect an aspect of etiology.
本研究旨在比较有任何同性吸引的患者与被诊断患有抑郁症和/或焦虑症的异性恋患者的临床症状（严重程度和孤独感）、生活方式因素（物质使用情况）以及易感性指标（童年时期的应激经历）。尽管现在有充分的文献记载表明抑郁症和焦虑症在有同性吸引的人群中更为普遍，但对此了解甚少。
来自荷兰抑郁症和焦虑症研究（NESDA）的数据使我们能够比较有同性吸引的患者（n = 122）和只有异性吸引的患者（n = 1658）。有同性吸引的人包括对两性都有吸引力的人。数据通过综合国际诊断访谈和纸笔问卷收集。
7%的患者报告有任何同性取向。抑郁症和焦虑症的临床症状在性吸引方面没有差异。在物质使用方面，有同性吸引的女性报告的药物使用比异性恋女性更多（药物使用：16.2%对6.6%，P = 0.003）。在童年时期的应激经历方面，有任何同性吸引的男性报告童年时期遭受性虐待的比例高于异性取向的男性（20.4%对8.5%，P = 0.005）。
对于有同性吸引的女性，物质使用（尤其是非法药物使用）可能是应对现有症状或应对她们必须面对的少数群体压力源的一种应对机制；对于有同性吸引的男性，童年时期的应激经历可能反映了病因的一个方面。
