National Institute for Mental Health Research, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, 63 Eggleston Road, Acton ACT 2601, Canberra, Australia.
NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia.
J Clin Epidemiol. 2016 Mar;71:35-42. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2015.10.005. Epub 2015 Oct 14.
The K6 and K10 are well-validated screening measures for psychological distress and are widely used. However, the accuracy of these scales in identifying common mental disorders may be suboptimal. This study aimed to develop a brief scale of psychological distress--the Distress Questionnaire-5 (DQ5)--and validate its diagnostic accuracy in identifying common mental disorders, relative to the K6 and K10.
The DQ5 was developed from a pool of 347 items reflecting a range of mental health symptoms. Validation of the DQ5 was conducted concurrently, on the basis of DSM-5 criteria for seven common mental disorders. A population-based sample of Australian adults (n = 3,175) was recruited online, with data weighted to reflect population estimates of disorder prevalence, age, and gender.
At specified cut points, the DQ5 was significantly more accurate in identifying individuals who met criteria for each of the disorders examined relative to the K6, with the exception of major depression where there was no significant difference in sensitivity or specificity.
The DQ5 is a promising tool for identifying psychological distress in the community, with potential for use in a range of clinical settings.
K6 和 K10 是经过充分验证的心理困扰筛选工具，应用广泛。然而，这些量表在识别常见精神障碍方面的准确性可能并不理想。本研究旨在开发一种简短的心理困扰量表——困扰问卷-5（DQ5），并验证其相对于 K6 和 K10 ，在识别常见精神障碍方面的诊断准确性。
DQ5 是从反映一系列心理健康症状的 347 个项目中开发出来的。根据 DSM-5 对七种常见精神障碍的标准，同时进行了 DQ5 的验证。在网上招募了澳大利亚成年人的基于人群的样本（n=3175），并对数据进行了加权，以反映疾病流行率、年龄和性别方面的人群估计。
在指定的切点，DQ5 在识别符合所研究的每种疾病标准的个体方面明显比 K6 更准确，除了在敏感性或特异性方面没有显著差异的重度抑郁症。
DQ5 是一种有前途的社区心理困扰识别工具，有可能在一系列临床环境中使用。
