Fang G D, Yu V L, Vickers R M
Infectious Disease Section, V.A.M.C., University Drive C, Pittsburgh, PA 15240.
Medicine (Baltimore). 1989 Mar;68(2):116-32. doi: 10.1097/00005792-198903000-00005.
More than 20 species of the Legionellaceae family of bacteria have been discovered since the discovery of Legionella pneumophila. Thirteen have been implicated as causative agents of pneumonia including the Pittsburgh pneumonia agent (Tatlockia micdadei, Legionella micdadei). Although outbreaks of nosocomial pneumonia in immunosuppressed hosts have been well-described, most cases have occurred sporadically in the community. The spectrum of disease ranges from severe life-threatening pneumonia to a self-limiting febrile illness (Pontiac fever). Isolation from the natural aquatic environment has preceded its discovery as agents of human disease in 6 species, while environmental isolation has not yet been obtained for 3 species implicated in disease. The mode of transmission is uncertain, but cases of dual infection by L. pneumophila and the newer species suggests that the epidemiology of these new organisms will be similar to that of L. pneumophila. The antibiotic of choice appears to be erythromycin. The historical background, epidemiology, microbiology, and clinical manifestations of these newly-discovered organisms are reviewed in comparative fashion.
自嗜肺军团菌被发现以来，已发现军团菌科20多种细菌。其中13种被认为是肺炎的病原体，包括匹兹堡肺炎病原体（米氏军团菌）。虽然免疫抑制宿主医院获得性肺炎的暴发已有详细描述，但大多数病例在社区中呈散发性发生。疾病谱范围从严重的危及生命的肺炎到自限性发热性疾病（庞蒂亚克热）。6种细菌在被发现为人类疾病病原体之前已从自然水生环境中分离出来，而与疾病有关的3种细菌尚未从环境中分离出来。传播方式尚不确定，但嗜肺军团菌与新菌种的双重感染病例表明，这些新生物体的流行病学将与嗜肺军团菌相似。首选抗生素似乎是红霉素。本文以比较的方式综述了这些新发现生物体的历史背景、流行病学、微生物学和临床表现。
