Fang G D, Yu V L, Vickers R M
University of Pittsburgh, PA.
Semin Respir Infect. 1987 Dec;2(4):262-6.
Of the Legionellaceae family, Pittsburgh pneumonia agent (Tatlockia micdadei, Legionella micdadei) is second only to Legionella pneumophila in causing human pneumonia. In nosocomial infection, the patients tend to be immunosuppressed. The clinical presentation is nonspecific, although in immunosuppressed hosts the presentation may mimic that of pulmonary embolus (pleuritic chest pain, nonproductive cough, pleural-based densities on chest rontgenogram). The reservoir for the organism is water, and prevention of nosocomial infections can be accomplished by disinfection of the water supply. Diagnosis is best established by isolation of the organism from respiratory secretions by using selective, dye-containing buffered charcoal-yeast extract agar. The organisms can be acid-fast when clinical specimens are stained. Erythromycin is the antibiotic of choice, although tetracyclines, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and rifampin have also proved to be efficacious.
在军团菌科中,匹兹堡肺炎病原体(米氏塔特洛克菌,嗜肺军团菌米氏亚种)在引起人类肺炎方面仅次于嗜肺军团菌。在医院感染中,患者往往存在免疫抑制。临床表现不具特异性,不过在免疫抑制宿主中,其表现可能类似肺栓塞(胸膜炎性胸痛、干咳、胸部X线片上的胸膜下致密影)。该病原体的储存宿主是水,通过对供水进行消毒可预防医院感染。诊断最好通过使用含染料的选择性缓冲活性炭酵母浸出琼脂从呼吸道分泌物中分离出该病原体来确立。临床标本染色时,该病原体可呈抗酸性。红霉素是首选抗生素,不过四环素、甲氧苄啶 - 磺胺甲恶唑和利福平也已证明有效。