Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Department of Molecular Enzymology, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.
The Laboratoire de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, 13402 Marseille cedex 20, France
FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2016 Jan;40(1):1-18. doi: 10.1093/femsre/fuv043. Epub 2015 Oct 13.
Molybdoenzymes are widespread in eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms where they play crucial functions in detoxification reactions in the metabolism of humans and bacteria, in nitrate assimilation in plants and in anaerobic respiration in bacteria. To be fully active, these enzymes require complex molybdenum-containing cofactors, which are inserted into the apoenzymes after folding. For almost all the bacterial molybdoenzymes, molybdenum cofactor insertion requires the involvement of specific chaperones. In this review, an overview on the molybdenum cofactor biosynthetic pathway is given together with the role of specific chaperones dedicated for molybdenum cofactor insertion and maturation. Many bacteria are involved in geochemical cycles on earth and therefore have an environmental impact. The roles of molybdoenzymes in bioremediation and for environmental applications are presented.
钼酶广泛存在于真核生物和原核生物中，在人类和细菌的代谢解毒反应、植物的硝酸盐同化以及细菌的厌氧呼吸中发挥着关键作用。为了充分发挥活性，这些酶需要复杂的含钼辅因子，这些辅因子在折叠后插入到脱辅基酶中。对于几乎所有的细菌钼酶来说，钼辅因子的插入需要特定伴侣蛋白的参与。在这篇综述中，概述了钼辅因子生物合成途径，以及专门用于钼辅因子插入和成熟的特定伴侣蛋白的作用。许多细菌参与地球的地球化学循环，因此对环境有影响。介绍了钼酶在生物修复和环境应用中的作用。
