Jones A D, Hayter A K M, Baker C P, Prabhakaran P, Gupta V, Kulkarni B, Smith G D, Ben-Shlomo Y, Krishna K V R, Kumar P U, Kinra S
Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2016 Mar;70(3):364-72. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2015.177. Epub 2015 Oct 28.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: To determine the extent and sociodemographic determinants of anemia, overweight, metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the co-occurrence of anemia with cardiometabolic disease risk factors among a cohort of Indian adults.
SUBJECT/METHODS: Cross-sectional survey of adult men (n=3322) and nonpregnant women (n=2895) aged 18 years and older from the third wave of the Andhra Pradesh Children and Parents Study that assessed anemia, overweight based on body mass index, and prevalence of MetS based on abdominal obesity, hypertension and blood lipid and fasting glucose measures. We examined associations of education, wealth and urbanicity with these outcomes and their co-occurrence.
The prevalence of anemia and overweight was 40% and 29% among women, respectively, and 10% and 25% among men (P<0.001), respectively, whereas the prevalence of MetS was the same across sexes (15%; P=0.55). The prevalence of concurrent anemia and overweight (9%), and anemia and MetS (4.5%) was highest among women. Household wealth was positively associated with overweight and MetS across sexes (P<0.05). Independent of household wealth, higher education was positively correlated with MetS among men (odds ratio (95% confidence interval): MetS: 1.4 (0.99, 2.0)) and negatively correlated with MetS among women (MetS: 0.54 (0.29, 0.99)). Similar sex-specific associations were observed for the co-occurrence of anemia with overweight and MetS.
Women in this region of India may be particularly vulnerable to co-occurring anemia and cardiometabolic risk, and associated adverse health outcomes as the nutrition transition advances in India.
背景/目的：确定印度成年人群体中贫血、超重、代谢综合征（MetS）的程度和社会人口学决定因素，以及贫血与心血管代谢疾病风险因素的共现情况。
对象/方法：对来自安得拉邦儿童与父母研究第三波的18岁及以上成年男性（n = 3322）和非孕女性（n = 2895）进行横断面调查，该研究评估了贫血、基于体重指数的超重情况，以及基于腹部肥胖、高血压、血脂和空腹血糖测量的MetS患病率。我们研究了教育程度、财富状况和城市化程度与这些结果及其共现情况之间的关联。
女性贫血和超重的患病率分别为40%和29%，男性分别为10%和25%（P<0.001），而MetS的患病率在男女之间相同（15%；P = 0.55）。贫血与超重同时存在（9%）以及贫血与MetS同时存在（4.5%）的患病率在女性中最高。家庭财富与男女的超重和MetS呈正相关（P<0.05）。在不考虑家庭财富的情况下，高等教育与男性的MetS呈正相关（比值比（95%置信区间）：MetS：1.4（0.99，2.0）），与女性的MetS呈负相关（MetS：0.54（0.29，0.99））。在贫血与超重和MetS的共现情况中也观察到了类似的性别特异性关联。
随着印度营养转型的推进，该地区的女性可能特别容易出现贫血与心血管代谢风险同时存在的情况，以及相关的不良健康后果。
