急/慢性工作负荷比值预测损伤：高慢性工作负荷可能降低精英英式橄榄球联赛运动员的损伤风险。
The acute:chronic workload ratio predicts injury: high chronic workload may decrease injury risk in elite rugby league players.
机构信息
Centre for Human and Applied Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia Performance Department, St. George Illawarra Dragons Rugby League Football Club, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.
School of Exercise Science, Australian Catholic University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia School of Human Movement Studies, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
出版信息
Br J Sports Med. 2016 Feb;50(4):231-6. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2015-094817. Epub 2015 Oct 28.
AIM
Investigate whether acute workload (1 week total distance) and chronic workload (4-week average acute workload) predict injury in elite rugby league players.
METHODS
Data were collected from 53 elite players over two rugby league seasons. The 'acute:chronic workload ratio' was calculated by dividing acute workload by chronic workload. A value of greater than 1 represented an acute workload greater than chronic workload. All workload data were classified into discrete ranges by z-scores.
RESULTS
Compared with all other ratios, a very-high acute:chronic workload ratio (≥2.11) demonstrated the greatest risk of injury in the current week (16.7% injury risk) and subsequent week (11.8% injury risk). High chronic workload (>16 095 m) combined with a very-high 2-week average acute:chronic workload ratio (≥1.54) was associated with the greatest risk of injury (28.6% injury risk). High chronic workload combined with a moderate workload ratio (1.02-1.18) had a smaller risk of injury than low chronic workload combined with several workload ratios (relative risk range from 0.3 to 0.7×/÷1.4 to 4.4; likelihood range=88-94%, likely). Considering acute and chronic workloads in isolation (ie, not as ratios) did not consistently predict injury risk.
CONCLUSIONS
Higher workloads can have either positive or negative influences on injury risk in elite rugby league players. Specifically, compared with players who have a low chronic workload, players with a high chronic workload are more resistant to injury with moderate-low through moderate-high (0.85-1.35) acute:chronic workload ratios and less resistant to injury when subjected to 'spikes' in acute workload, that is, very-high acute:chronic workload ratios ∼1.5.
目的
研究急性工作负荷（1 周总距离）和慢性工作负荷（4 周平均急性工作负荷）是否可预测精英英式橄榄球联赛运动员的损伤。
方法
在两个英式橄榄球联赛赛季中，收集了 53 名精英运动员的数据。通过将急性工作负荷除以慢性工作负荷来计算“急性：慢性工作负荷比”。比值大于 1 表示急性工作负荷大于慢性工作负荷。通过 z 分数将所有工作负荷数据分类为离散范围。
结果
与所有其他比值相比，极高的急性：慢性工作负荷比（≥2.11）在当前周（16.7%的损伤风险）和随后一周（11.8%的损伤风险）显示出最大的损伤风险。高慢性工作量（>16095 m）加上极高的 2 周平均急性：慢性工作负荷比（≥1.54）与最大的损伤风险相关（28.6%的损伤风险）。高慢性工作量加上中等工作负荷比（1.02-1.18）的损伤风险小于低慢性工作量加上几个工作负荷比（相对风险范围为 0.3 至 0.7×/÷1.4 至 4.4；可能性范围=88-94%，可能）。单独考虑急性和慢性工作量（即不作为比值）并不能一致预测损伤风险。
结论
较高的工作量对精英英式橄榄球联赛运动员的损伤风险可能既有积极影响，也有消极影响。具体而言，与慢性工作量较低的运动员相比，慢性工作量较高的运动员在急性：慢性工作负荷比为 0.85-1.35 的中等至较高水平（0.85-1.35）时对损伤更具抵抗力，而在急性工作负荷出现“高峰”时（即极高的急性：慢性工作负荷比约为 1.5），对损伤的抵抗力较低。
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