Schreier Maria Magdalena, Bauer Ulrike, Osterbrink Jürgen, Niebauer Josef, Iglseder Bernhard, Reiss Jens
Institute of Nursing Science and Practice, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.
Institute of preventive and rehabilitative Sports Medicine, Landeskrankenhaus, Salzburg, Austria.
Z Gerontol Geriatr. 2016 Feb;49(2):107-14. doi: 10.1007/s00391-015-0966-0. Epub 2015 Oct 29.
Limitations of functionality and mobility due to age-related decrease in muscle strength, balance and physical endurance are closely related to weakness, risk of falls, malnutrition as well as an increase in morbidity and mortality.
In a pilot study we developed and evaluated an 8-week equipment-based progressive resistance training program for geriatric day hospital patients (> 65 years) to improve strength, endurance and coordination. Of the 38 patients who entered the study, 20 were randomly assigned to the intervention group (ALFIT training) and 18 to the control group who only participated in the routine program of the day hospital. Motivation, experiences during training and the subjective impact on coping with daily life were examined with qualitative interviews.
Muscular strength, endurance, coordination and balance improved during the implementation of the ALFIT training program. The most pronounced effects were seen for the leg pressing with an average increase of 27.8 ± 16 kg (mean ± SD) in terms of 1 repetition maximum and an increase of 12.6 ± 23.7 (mean ± SD) in terms of muscular endurance (number of repetitions). Positive effects were also evident for mobility and nutritional status. The results of the interviews suggest that the ALFIT training leads to noticeably better physical function and confidence and can have a positive impact on coping in daily life and self-care abilities.
The results show that ALFIT training was appropriate for the needs of geriatric patients and demonstrated beneficial effects on muscular strength, functionality and mobility. The results of the interviews suggest that even frail old people can be motivated to engage in sports.
由于与年龄相关的肌肉力量、平衡能力和身体耐力下降导致的功能和活动能力受限，与虚弱、跌倒风险、营养不良以及发病率和死亡率增加密切相关。
在一项试点研究中，我们为老年日间医院患者（>65岁）制定并评估了一项为期8周的基于设备的渐进性阻力训练计划，以提高力量、耐力和协调性。在参与研究的38名患者中，20名被随机分配到干预组（ALFIT训练），18名被分配到对照组，对照组仅参加日间医院的常规项目。通过定性访谈来考察动机、训练期间的体验以及对日常生活应对的主观影响。
在实施ALFIT训练计划期间，肌肉力量、耐力、协调性和平衡能力得到改善。在腿举训练中效果最为显著，就1次重复最大值而言平均增加27.8±16千克（均值±标准差），就肌肉耐力（重复次数）而言增加12.6±23.7（均值±标准差）。在活动能力和营养状况方面也有积极影响。访谈结果表明，ALFIT训练能显著改善身体功能和自信心，并能对日常生活应对和自我护理能力产生积极影响。
结果表明，ALFIT训练符合老年患者的需求，并对肌肉力量、功能和活动能力产生了有益影响。访谈结果表明，即使是体弱的老年人也能被激励去参与运动。
