Olsson Gabriella, Fritzell Johan
Centre for Health Equity Studies (CHESS), Stockholm University/Karolinska Institutet, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
Aging Research Center (ARC), Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet/Stockholm University, Gävlegatan 16, 113 30, Stockholm, Sweden.
J Sch Health. 2015 Dec;85(12):871-9. doi: 10.1111/josh.12344.
This study examines the extent to which high alcohol consumption, drug use, and delinquency vary between schools with different socioeconomic characteristics, over and above the pupil's own sociodemographic background.
Analyses are based on data on 5484 ninth-grade students distributed over 93 schools in Stockholm, from the 2010 Stockholm School Survey. School-level information was retrieved from the Swedish National Agency for Education. School disadvantage was determined by combining information on the level of education among parents and the share of pupils with a nonnative background, 2 aspects that have been shown to be central to school segregation in Sweden.
Results indicate significant school-to-school differences in relation to all outcomes. The risk for high alcohol consumption and drug use is greater in more advantaged school settings, adjusting for individual characteristics, whereas the opposite is true in relation to criminal behavior. The school's level of collective efficacy also seems to play an important, albeit not mediating, role.
Regardless of an adolescent's own background, the risk of having adverse health behaviors is higher at certain schools compared to others. However, school socioeconomic factors do not influence health behaviors consistently; instead, it seems as if the association varies depending on the behavior under study.
本研究探讨了在学生自身社会人口背景之外，不同社会经济特征的学校在高酒精消费、药物使用和犯罪行为方面的差异程度。
分析基于2010年斯德哥尔摩学校调查中分布在斯德哥尔摩93所学校的5484名九年级学生的数据。学校层面的信息从瑞典国家教育机构获取。学校劣势通过结合父母教育水平信息和非本地背景学生的比例来确定，这两个方面已被证明是瑞典学校隔离的核心因素。
结果表明，在所有结果方面，学校之间存在显著差异。在调整个体特征后，条件更优越的学校环境中高酒精消费和药物使用的风险更大，而犯罪行为方面则相反。学校的集体效能水平似乎也起着重要作用，尽管不是中介作用。
无论青少年自身背景如何，某些学校中出现不良健康行为的风险相比其他学校更高。然而，学校社会经济因素对健康行为的影响并不一致；相反，这种关联似乎因所研究的行为而异。
