Karlsson Patrik, Ekendahl Mats, Gripe Isabella, Raninen Jonas
Stockholm University, Sweden.
Swedish Council for Information on Alcohol and Other Drugs (CAN), Stockholm, Sweden Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Nordisk Alkohol Nark. 2018 Apr;35(2):131-146. doi: 10.1177/1455072518763426. Epub 2018 Mar 19.
The school-class context is a crucial social environment for young people but substance use researchers have largely overlooked potential influences operating at this level. This study explores associations between school-class and individual-level factors and cannabis use in Swedish youth.
Data comprised four waves (2012-2015) of the Swedish Council for Information on Alcohol and Other Drugs' (CAN) nationally representative school surveys among individuals in 9th and 11th grade. For the present analyses, we had data on totally 28,729 individuals from 2377 unique school classes. Multilevel logistic regressions predicted lifetime and 10+ times use of cannabis from both individual-level predictors and school-class-level measures derived from the individual-level variables.
There were individual-level associations between most predictor variables and cannabis use. An early debut of tobacco use and binge drinking as well as low cannabis related risk perceptions had strong associations with cannabis use. Conversely, several school-class-level variables had aggregate relationships with cannabis use, most notably the overall level of risk perceptions in the school class. Some of the school-class factors predicted cannabis use over and above the individual-level covariates, suggesting the presence of contextual effects. Surprisingly, while female gender was negatively related with cannabis use at the individual level, a higher proportion of females in the classroom increased the odds for lifetime cannabis use even after controlling for individual and other contextual-level covariates.
Youth cannabis use is related to various factors at both the individual and school-class level in Sweden. Truancy and perceived risk related to cannabis use had contextual associations with cannabis use. The positive contextual association between a higher proportion of females in the classroom and lifetime use should be explored further.
学校班级环境是年轻人至关重要的社会环境，但药物使用研究人员很大程度上忽略了在此层面起作用的潜在影响因素。本研究探讨瑞典青少年中学校班级因素与个体层面因素和大麻使用之间的关联。
数据包括瑞典酒精及其他药物信息理事会（CAN）在2012年至2015年期间对九年级和十一年级学生进行的四次全国代表性学校调查。在本次分析中，我们有来自2377个独特学校班级的28729名个体的数据。多水平逻辑回归从个体层面预测变量以及从个体层面变量派生的学校班级层面测量指标预测大麻的终生使用及使用超过10次的情况。
大多数预测变量与大麻使用之间存在个体层面的关联。烟草使用和暴饮的早期开始以及对大麻相关风险的低认知与大麻使用有很强的关联。相反，几个学校班级层面的变量与大麻使用存在总体关系，最显著的是学校班级中风险认知的总体水平。一些学校班级因素在个体层面协变量之外还能预测大麻使用，表明存在背景效应。令人惊讶的是，虽然在个体层面女性性别与大麻使用呈负相关，但即使在控制了个体和其他背景层面协变量之后，班级中较高比例的女性仍增加了终生使用大麻的几率。
在瑞典，青少年大麻使用与个体和学校班级层面的各种因素有关。逃学和对大麻使用的感知风险与大麻使用存在背景关联。班级中较高比例的女性与终生使用之间的正向背景关联应进一步探讨。
