Mettenleiter Thomas C
Institute of Molecular Virology and Cell Biology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.
J Mol Biol. 2016 May 22;428(10 Pt A):1949-61. doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2015.10.001. Epub 2015 Oct 29.
Many DNA and a few RNA viruses use the host cell nucleus for virion formation and/or genome replication. To this end, the nuclear envelope (NE) barrier has to be overcome for entry into and egress from the intranuclear replication compartment. Different virus families have devised ingenious ways of entering and leaving the nucleus usurping cellular transport pathways through the nuclear pore complex but also translocating directly through both membranes of the NE. This intriguing diversity in nuclear entry and egress of viruses also highlights different ways nucleocytoplasmic transport can occur. Thus, the study of interactions between viruses and the NE also helps to unravel hitherto unknown cellular pathways such as vesicular nucleocytoplasmic transfer.
许多DNA病毒和一些RNA病毒利用宿主细胞核进行病毒粒子的形成和/或基因组复制。为此，必须克服核膜（NE）屏障才能进入核内复制区室并从中出来。不同的病毒科设计出了巧妙的进入和离开细胞核的方式，它们既通过核孔复合体利用细胞转运途径，也直接穿过核膜的两层膜。病毒在核进出方面的这种有趣的多样性也凸显了核质运输可能发生的不同方式。因此，对病毒与核膜之间相互作用的研究也有助于揭示诸如囊泡核质转移等迄今未知的细胞途径。
