Bhugra Dinesh, Kalra Gurvinder, Ventriglio Antonio
a Health Service & Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry , Psychology and Neuroscience , King's College London , UK.
b Flynn Inpatient Psychiatric Unit, Mental Health Services, La Trobe Regional Hospital, Traralgon , Victoria , Australia.
Int Rev Psychiatry. 2015;27(5):455-9. doi: 10.3109/09540261.2015.1086320. Epub 2015 Nov 4.
Hindi cinema production from India is the largest in the world. Cinema reflects the society which it portrays, and in turn influences social attitudes. Hindi cinema, often known as Bollywood, demonstrates deep roots in society. In the last decade homosexual behaviour was legalized by the Delhi High Court but subsequently deemed illegal by the Supreme Court. These changes reflect changes in social attitudes. In this paper we highlight social attitudes to homosexuality - both male and female - in the context of portrayal in Hindi cinema. Historically, cultural and social values and the attitudes towards sexuality in India have been sex positive, but over the past 200 years under the British colonial rule they became very negative and indeed punitive towards homosexuality and homosexual men and women in line with prevalent Victorian attitudes to sex and sexual activity. Various descriptions and sexual identities have been identified and described in the literature. In this paper we describe a small selection of films from Hindi cinema which depict homosexuality. These portrayals have been largely negative. We describe the possible reasons for this and the potential impact these portrayals may have on audiences.
印度的印地语电影制作是世界上规模最大的。电影反映其所描绘的社会，反过来又影响社会态度。印地语电影，通常被称为宝莱坞，在社会中有着深厚的根基。在过去十年里，德里高等法院将同性恋行为合法化，但随后最高法院又判定其为非法。这些变化反映了社会态度的转变。在本文中，我们将在印地语电影的描绘背景下，突出对同性恋（包括男性和女性）的社会态度。从历史上看，印度的文化和社会价值观以及对性取向的态度一直是积极看待性的，但在过去200年的英国殖民统治下，它们变得非常消极，实际上对同性恋以及同性恋男性和女性采取惩罚态度，这与当时盛行的维多利亚时代对性和性活动的态度一致。文献中已经识别并描述了各种描述和性身份。在本文中，我们描述了一小部分印地语电影中描绘同性恋的影片。这些描绘大多是负面的。我们阐述了造成这种情况的可能原因以及这些描绘可能对观众产生的潜在影响。
