Briceño Germán, Fernández Mónica, Céspedes Jaime
Fundación Cardio-Infantil, Instituto de Cardiología.
Biomedica. 2015 Apr-Jun;35(2):219-26. doi: 10.1590/S0120-41572015000200010.
Cardiovascular disease risk factors begin in childhood. Their presence may predict cardiovascular disease in adulthood.
To determine the prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors in a group of nurses´ children at a health facility in Bogotá, Colombia.
A cross-sectional, population-based observational study among 3-17 year-old individuals evaluated between June, 2011, and July, 2012.
A total number of 118 children were included. The mean age was 7.4 years, with a standard deviation of 3.86; 72.0% of the children had a normal weight. Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors was distributed as follows: inadequate food habits, 89.0%; sedentary lifestyle, 78.8%; family history of cardiovascular disease, 16.1%; overweight, 15.3%, and obesity, 12.7%. There were no significant differences in risk factors between boys and girls. Among overweight and obese children, sedentary lifestyle was present in 90.9%, and among normal-weight children, in 36.5% (p<0.001). Inadequate food habits were present in 84.8% of the overweight and obese children, and in 42.4% of those with normal weight (p<0.001). Among the study population, 97.5% had at least one risk factor and 42.4% presented 3 or more. The presence of 3 or more cardiovascular disease risk factors was higher in obese children, when compared to overweight (p<0.001) and normal-weight children (p<0.001).
The results of this study indicate that there was a substantial burden of cardiovascular disease risk factors in the 3-17 year-old children included, particularly in those who were obese or overweight.
心血管疾病风险因素始于儿童期。这些因素的存在可能预示着成年期的心血管疾病。
确定哥伦比亚波哥大一家医疗机构中护士子女群体中心血管疾病风险因素的患病率。
2011年6月至2012年7月期间，对3至17岁个体进行了一项基于人群的横断面观察性研究。
共纳入118名儿童。平均年龄为7.4岁，标准差为3.86；72.0%的儿童体重正常。心血管风险因素的患病率分布如下：饮食习惯不良，89.0%；久坐不动的生活方式，78.8%；心血管疾病家族史，16.1%；超重，15.3%，肥胖，12.7%。男孩和女孩在风险因素方面无显著差异。在超重和肥胖儿童中，90.9%存在久坐不动的生活方式，在体重正常的儿童中这一比例为36.5%（p<0.001）。超重和肥胖儿童中84.8%存在饮食习惯不良，体重正常的儿童中这一比例为42.4%（p<0.001）。在研究人群中，97.5%至少有一个风险因素，42.4%有3个或更多风险因素。与超重儿童（p<0.001）和体重正常的儿童（p<0.001）相比，肥胖儿童中存在3个或更多心血管疾病风险因素的比例更高。
本研究结果表明，纳入研究的3至17岁儿童中存在大量心血管疾病风险因素负担，尤其是在肥胖或超重儿童中。
