Pan Jinger, Song Shuang, Su Mengmeng, McBride Catherine, Liu Hongyun, Zhang Yuping, Li Hong, Shu Hua
State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, P.R. China.
Department of Psychology, University of Potsdam, Germany.
Dev Sci. 2016 Nov;19(6):982-991. doi: 10.1111/desc.12356. Epub 2015 Nov 5.
The present study reported data on phonological awareness, morphological awareness, and Chinese literacy skills of 294 children from an 8-year longitudinal study. Results showed that mainland Chinese children's preliterate syllable awareness at ages 4 to 6 years uniquely predicted post-literate morphological awareness at ages 7 to 10 years. Preliterate syllable awareness directly contributed to character reading and writing at age 11 years, while post-literate phonemic awareness predicted only character reading at age 11 years. In addition, preliterate syllable and morphological awareness at ages 4 to 6 years had indirect effects on character reading and writing, reading fluency, and reading comprehension at age 11 years, through post-literate morphological awareness at ages 7 to 10 years. Findings underscore the significant role of syllable awareness in Chinese character reading and writing, and the importance of morphological awareness in character-level processing and high-level literacy skills. More importantly, our results suggest the unique relation of syllable awareness and morphological awareness in Chinese as they focus on the same unit, which is also likely to map directly onto a character, the basic unit for high-level Chinese reading skills.
本研究报告了一项为期8年的纵向研究中294名儿童的语音意识、词法意识和中文读写技能的数据。结果显示，中国大陆4至6岁儿童的学前音节意识能够独特地预测7至10岁的学后词法意识。学前音节意识直接促进了11岁时的汉字读写，而学后音素意识仅能预测11岁时的汉字认读。此外，4至6岁的学前音节和词法意识通过7至10岁的学后词法意识，对11岁时的汉字读写、阅读流畅性和阅读理解产生间接影响。研究结果强调了音节意识在汉字读写中的重要作用，以及词法意识在字符层面处理和高级读写技能中的重要性。更重要的是，我们的研究结果表明，汉语中音节意识和词法意识存在独特的关系，因为它们关注的是同一个单位，这个单位也可能直接对应于汉字，而汉字是高级汉语阅读技能的基本单位。
