Luz Mariana Pires, Coutinho Evandro S F, Berger William, Mendlowicz Mauro V, Vilete Liliane M P, Mello Marcelo F, Quintana Maria Inês, Bressan Rodrigo A, Andreoli Sérgio B, Mari Jair J, Figueira Ivan
Institute of Psychiatry of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (IPUB-UFRJ), Av. Venceslau Brás 71 Fundos, Botafogo, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 22290-140, Brazil.
National School of Public Health (ENSP/FIOCRUZ), Rua Leopoldo Bulhões 1480/823, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21041-210, Brazil.
J Psychiatr Res. 2016 Jan;72:51-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.10.011. Epub 2015 Oct 24.
Conditional risk for PTSD is the risk of developing PTSD after exposure to traumatic events. This epidemiological study of the general urban population from the two largest cities in Brazil reports exposure to traumatic events; conditional risk for PTSD; and proportion/estimated number of PTSD cases secondary to each type of traumatic event.
Cross-sectional study of general population (15-75 y.o.) from Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. PTSD was assessed through Composite International Diagnostic Interview 2.1.
Our main findings, from 3744 participants, were: 1) high prevalence of traumatic events (86%), urban violence being the most common; 2) conditional risk for PTSD was 11.1%; 3) women (15.9%) have overall conditional risk 3 times higher than men (5.1%); 4) war-related trauma (67.8%), childhood sexual abuse (49.1%) and adult sexual violence (44.1%) had the highest conditional risks; 5) 35% of PTSD cases (estimated 435,970 individuals) were secondary to sudden/unexpected death of a close person, and 40% secondary to interpersonal violence.
Brazilian urban population is highly exposed to urban violence, and overall conditional risk for PTSD was 11.1%. Violence prevention and enhancement of resilience should be part of public policies, and mental health sequelae of trauma should be better recognized and treated.
创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的条件风险是指在经历创伤事件后患上PTSD的风险。这项针对巴西两个最大城市普通城市人口的流行病学研究报告了创伤事件的暴露情况、PTSD的条件风险以及每种创伤事件继发的PTSD病例比例/估计数量。
对来自里约热内卢和圣保罗的普通人群（15 - 75岁）进行横断面研究。通过综合国际诊断访谈2.1评估PTSD。
在3744名参与者中，我们的主要发现如下：1）创伤事件的发生率很高（86%），城市暴力最为常见；2）PTSD的条件风险为11.1%；3）女性（15.9%）的总体条件风险是男性（5.1%）的3倍；4）与战争相关的创伤（67.8%）、童年性虐待（49.1%）和成年人性暴力（44.1%）的条件风险最高；5）35%的PTSD病例（估计435,970人）继发于亲密之人的突然/意外死亡，40%继发于人际暴力。
巴西城市人口高度暴露于城市暴力之下，PTSD的总体条件风险为11.1%。预防暴力和增强恢复力应成为公共政策的一部分，创伤的心理健康后遗症应得到更好的认识和治疗。
