Wagy Mark D, Bongard Josh C
University of Vermont, Computer Science Department, Burlington, Vermont, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2015 Nov 6;10(11):e0142524. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142524. eCollection 2015.
Rather than replacing human labor, there is growing evidence that networked computers create opportunities for collaborations of people and algorithms to solve problems beyond either of them. In this study, we demonstrate the conditions under which such synergy can arise. We show that, for a design task, three elements are sufficient: humans apply intuitions to the problem, algorithms automatically determine and report back on the quality of designs, and humans observe and innovate on others' designs to focus creative and computational effort on good designs. This study suggests how such collaborations should be composed for other domains, as well as how social and computational dynamics mutually influence one another during collaborative problem solving.
越来越多的证据表明，联网计算机并非取代人力，而是为人与算法的协作创造机会，以解决二者单独无法解决的问题。在本研究中，我们展示了这种协同效应能够产生的条件。我们表明，对于一项设计任务，三个要素就足够了：人类将直觉应用于问题，算法自动确定并反馈设计质量，人类观察他人的设计并进行创新，以便将创造性和计算性努力集中在优秀设计上。这项研究表明了此类协作在其他领域应如何构成，以及在协作解决问题过程中社会动态和计算动态如何相互影响。
