Dredla Brynn K, Del Brutto Oscar H, Lee Augustine S, Castillo Pablo R
Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
School of Medicine, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Guayaquil, Ecuador.
J Negat Results Biomed. 2015 Nov 6;14:17. doi: 10.1186/s12952-015-0038-4.
Willis-Ekbom disease (WED), also called restless legs syndrome (RLS), is a neurologic sensorimotor disease that may be associated with cardiovascular disease. Given high morbidity and mortality rates of cardiovascular disease worldwide, we assessed the relation between WED/RLS and cardiovascular health risks in a native South American population. We prospectively analyzed data from The Atahualpa Project of Ecuadorian adults aged 40 years and older. Physicians interviewed consented persons on the health behavior and health factors of the American Heart Association (AHA) for ideal cardiovascular health in adults and underwent fasting laboratory blood collection and blood pressure evaluation. Certified neurologists conducted face-to-face interviews using the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG) field instrument. Persons testing positive for WED/RLS and age-and sex-matched controls underwent confirmatory physical examinations conducted by a neurologist and a sleep specialist to whom IRLSSG designation was blinded.
Of 665 persons, 94 (14 %) tested positive in IRLSSG; 40 (6 %) had a diagnosis of WED/RLS after neurologic examination and interview. Patients with WED/RLS were younger (53.5 vs 59.9 years, P = .001), without significant differences in sex ratios. Among AHA risk factors, only obesity was significantly more prevalent among patients with WED/RLS (42.5 % vs 23.5 %, P = .01). However, after adjustment for confounders, body mass index was not significantly associated with WED/RLS.
In adult Amerindians, although obesity and body mass index were associated with WED/RLS on univariate analyses, the association was not present after adjustment for confounders. No other significant associations were found between WED/RLS and AHA cardiovascular metrics.
Willis-Ekbom病（WED），也称为不宁腿综合征（RLS），是一种可能与心血管疾病相关的神经感觉运动疾病。鉴于全球心血管疾病的高发病率和死亡率，我们评估了南美本地人群中WED/RLS与心血管健康风险之间的关系。我们前瞻性地分析了厄瓜多尔40岁及以上成年人的阿塔瓦尔帕项目的数据。医生就美国心脏协会（AHA）针对成年人理想心血管健康的健康行为和健康因素对同意参与的人员进行了访谈，并进行了空腹实验室血液采集和血压评估。认证神经科医生使用国际不宁腿综合征研究组（IRLSSG）现场工具进行面对面访谈。WED/RLS检测呈阳性的人员以及年龄和性别匹配的对照组接受了由神经科医生和睡眠专家进行的确认性体格检查，IRLSSG指定对此保密。
在665人中，94人（14%）在IRLSSG检测中呈阳性；40人（6%）在神经科检查和访谈后被诊断为WED/RLS。WED/RLS患者更年轻（53.5岁对59.9岁，P = 0.001），性别比例无显著差异。在AHA风险因素中，只有肥胖在WED/RLS患者中明显更普遍（42.5%对23.5%，P = 0.01）。然而，在对混杂因素进行调整后，体重指数与WED/RLS无显著关联。
在成年美洲印第安人中，虽然在单变量分析中肥胖和体重指数与WED/RLS相关，但在对混杂因素进行调整后这种关联不存在。未发现WED/RLS与AHA心血管指标之间有其他显著关联。
