International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Av. Mohamed Alaoui, Rabat 10000, Morocco.
The John Bingham Laboratory, NIAB, Huntingdon Road, Cambridge CB3 0LE, United Kingdom.
Plant Sci. 2016 Jan;242:23-36. doi: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.08.021. Epub 2015 Sep 6.
In the last decade the breeding technology referred to as 'genomic selection' (GS) has been implemented in a variety of species, with particular success in animal breeding. Recent research shows the potential of GS to reshape wheat breeding. Many authors have concluded that the estimated genetic gain per year applying GS is several times that of conventional breeding. GS is, however, a new technology for wheat breeding and many programs worldwide are still struggling to identify the best strategy for its implementation. This article provides practical guidelines on the key considerations when implementing GS. A review of the existing GS literature for a range of species is provided and used to prime breeder-oriented considerations on the practical applications of GS. Furthermore, this article discusses potential breeding schemes for GS, genotyping considerations, and methods for effective training population design. The components of selection intensity, progress toward inbreeding in half- or full-sibs recurrent schemes, and the generation of selection are also presented.
在过去的十年中，被称为“基因组选择”（GS）的育种技术已经在多种物种中得到实施，在动物育种方面取得了特别的成功。最近的研究表明，GS 有可能重塑小麦育种。许多作者得出结论，应用 GS 每年估计的遗传增益是常规育种的数倍。然而，GS 是小麦育种的一项新技术，全世界许多计划仍在努力确定实施它的最佳策略。本文提供了实施 GS 时的关键考虑因素的实用指南。对一系列物种的现有 GS 文献进行了回顾，并用于为面向育种者的 GS 实际应用提供初步考虑。此外，本文还讨论了 GS 的潜在育种方案、基因型考虑因素以及有效训练群体设计的方法。还介绍了选择强度的组成部分、半同胞或全同胞反复方案中近交的进展以及选择的产生。
