Abokyi Livesy Naafoe, Asante Kwaku Poku, Mahama Emmanuel, Gyaase Stephaney, Sulemana Abubakari, Kwarteng Anthony, Ayaam Jennifer, Dosoo David, Adu-Gyasi Dennis, Amenga Etego Seeba, Ogutu Bernhards, Akweongo Patricia, Owusu-Agyei Seth
Kintampo Health Research Centre, P. O. Box 200, Kintampo, Brong Ahafo Region.
INDEPTH Network, East Legon, P.O. Box KD 213 Kanda, Accra, Ghana.
PLoS One. 2015 Nov 18;10(11):e0142106. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142106. eCollection 2015.
Epidemiology of malaria and related fevers in most parts of Africa is changing due to scale up of interventions such as appropriate use of ACTs in the effort towards sustained control and eventual elimination of malaria. The use of ACTs in the management of malaria-associated fever was evaluated in the Kintampo districts of Ghana.
Household survey was conducted between October 2009 and February, 2011. A random selection of 370 households was generated from 25,000 households existing within the Health and Demographic Surveillance Systems in Kintampo, Ghana at the time. All household members present at the time of survey in the eligible households were interviewed based on a two weeks reported fever recall and the use of antimalarial for the management of fever. A finger-prick blood sample was also obtained from each member of the household present and later examined for malaria parasites using microscopy. Descriptive analysis was performed, with univariate and multivariate analysis used to identify predictors of fever and malaria parasitemia.
A total of 1436 individuals were interviewed from 370 households. Overall, fever prevalence was 23.8% (341/1436) and was 38.8% (77/198) in children < 5 years, 21.3% (264/1238) in older children plus adults. Participants who sought treatment for fever were 84% (285/341) with 47.7% (136/285) using any anti-malarial. Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy use was in 69.1% (94/136) of cases while 30.9% used mono-therapies. Malaria parasitaemia rate was 28.2% (397/1407).
The study reports high community fever prevalence, frequent use of antimalarials for fever treatment and relatively high use of mono-therapies especially in children < 5 years in an area with high malaria parasite prevalence in Ghana.
由于扩大了干预措施，如在持续控制并最终消除疟疾的努力中合理使用青蒿素联合疗法（ACTs），非洲大部分地区疟疾及相关发热的流行病学正在发生变化。在加纳的金坦波地区评估了ACTs在疟疾相关发热管理中的应用。
于2009年10月至2011年2月进行了家庭调查。从加纳金坦波健康与人口监测系统当时存在的25000户家庭中随机抽取370户。根据两周内发热回忆情况以及使用抗疟药治疗发热的情况，对符合条件家庭中调查时在场的所有家庭成员进行访谈。还从在场的每户家庭成员中采集手指血样，随后用显微镜检查疟原虫。进行了描述性分析，并采用单变量和多变量分析来确定发热和疟疾寄生虫血症的预测因素。
共对370户家庭的1436人进行了访谈。总体而言，发热患病率为23.8%（341/1436），5岁以下儿童中为38.8%（77/198），大龄儿童及成人中为21.3%（264/1238）。因发热寻求治疗的参与者中，84%（285/341）使用了抗疟药，其中47.7%（136/285）使用了任何抗疟药。基于青蒿素的联合疗法使用率为69.1%（94/136），而30.9%使用单一疗法。疟疾寄生虫血症率为28.2%（397/1407）。
该研究报告了在加纳疟疾寄生虫患病率较高的地区，社区发热患病率高、发热治疗中频繁使用抗疟药以及单一疗法使用率相对较高，尤其是在5岁以下儿童中。
