Understanding Risk Research Group, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
RSPB Centre for Conservation Science, RSPB, The Lodge, Sandy, Bedfordshire, SG19 2DL, UK; Centre for Marine and Coastal Policy Research, Plymouth University, Drake Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK.
J Environ Manage. 2016 Jan 15;166:525-36. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.11.002. Epub 2015 Nov 18.
The success or failure of environmental management goals can be partially attributed to the support for such goals from the public. Despite this, environmental management is still dominated by a natural science approach with little input from disciplines that are concerned with the relationship between humans and the natural environment such as environmental psychology. Within the marine and freshwater environments, this is particularly concerning given the cultural and aesthetic significance of these environments to the public, coupled with the services delivered by freshwater and marine ecosystems, and the vulnerability of aquatic ecosystems to human-driven environmental perturbations. This paper documents nine case studies which use environmental psychology methods to support a range of aquatic management goals. Examples include understanding the drivers of public attitudes towards ecologically important but uncharismatic river species, impacts of marine litter on human well-being, efficacy of small-scale governance of tropical marine fisheries and the role of media in shaping attitudes towards. These case studies illustrate how environmental psychology and natural sciences can be used together to apply an interdisciplinary approach to the management of aquatic environments. Such an approach that actively takes into account the range of issues surrounding aquatic environment management is more likely to result in successful outcomes, from both human and environmental perspectives. Furthermore, the results illustrate that better understanding the societal importance of aquatic ecosystems can reduce conflict between social needs and ecological objectives, and help improve the governance of aquatic ecosystems. Thus, this paper concludes that an effective relationship between academics and practitioners requires fully utilising the skills, knowledge and experience from both sectors.
环境管理目标的成败可以部分归因于公众对这些目标的支持。尽管如此，环境管理仍然主要采用自然科学方法，很少涉及到关注人类与自然环境之间关系的学科，如环境心理学。在海洋和淡水环境中，由于这些环境对公众具有文化和美学意义，加上淡水和海洋生态系统提供的服务，以及水生生态系统对人为环境干扰的脆弱性，这种情况尤其令人担忧。本文记录了九个案例研究，这些研究使用环境心理学方法来支持一系列水管理目标。例如，了解公众对生态重要但不具魅力的河流物种的态度的驱动因素、海洋垃圾对人类福祉的影响、热带海洋渔业小规模治理的效果以及媒体在塑造对。这些案例研究说明了环境心理学和自然科学如何可以一起用于对水环境保护的跨学科方法。这种方法积极考虑到与水环境保护相关的各种问题，更有可能从人类和环境的角度取得成功。此外，研究结果表明，更好地了解水生生态系统的社会重要性可以减少社会需求和生态目标之间的冲突，并有助于改善水生生态系统的治理。因此，本文得出结论，学者和从业者之间的有效关系需要充分利用两个部门的技能、知识和经验。
