鼻炎与妊娠：文献综述
Rhinitis and pregnancy: literature review.
作者信息
Caparroz Fábio Azevedo, Gregorio Luciano Lobato, Bongiovanni Giuliano, Izu Suemy Cioffi, Kosugi Eduardo Macoto
机构信息
Post-Graduate Program in Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP-EPM), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Post-Graduate Program in Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP-EPM), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
出版信息
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2016 Jan-Feb;82(1):105-11. doi: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2015.04.011. Epub 2015 Sep 21.
INTRODUCTION
There is a controversy concerning the terminology and definition of rhinitis in pregnancy. Gestational rhinitis is a relatively common condition, which has drawn increasing interest in recent years due to a possible association with maternal obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and unfavorable fetal outcomes.
OBJECTIVE
To review the current knowledge on gestational rhinitis, and to assess its evidence.
METHODS
Structured literature search.
RESULTS
Gestational rhinitis and rhinitis "during pregnancy" are somewhat similar conditions regarding their physiopathology and treatment, but differ regarding definition and prognosis. Hormonal changes have a presumed etiological role, but knowledge about the physiopathology of gestational rhinitis is still lacking. Management of rhinitis during pregnancy focuses on the minimal intervention required for symptom relief.
CONCLUSION
As it has a great impact on maternal quality of life, both the otorhinolaryngologist and the obstetrician must be careful concerning the early diagnosis and treatment of gestational rhinitis, considering the safety of treatment measures and drugs and their current level of evidence.
引言
妊娠期鼻炎的术语和定义存在争议。妊娠性鼻炎是一种相对常见的病症，近年来由于其可能与母体阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSAS）及不良胎儿结局相关，已引起越来越多的关注。
目的
回顾关于妊娠性鼻炎的现有知识，并评估其证据。
方法
进行结构化文献检索。
结果
妊娠性鼻炎和“孕期”鼻炎在生理病理学和治疗方面有些相似，但在定义和预后方面有所不同。激素变化被认为具有病因学作用，但仍缺乏关于妊娠性鼻炎生理病理学的知识。孕期鼻炎的管理侧重于缓解症状所需的最小干预。
结论
由于其对母体生活质量有很大影响，耳鼻喉科医生和产科医生在妊娠性鼻炎的早期诊断和治疗方面都必须谨慎，要考虑治疗措施和药物的安全性及其现有证据水平。
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