Wu Bin, Long Qiliang, Gao Yuan, Wang Zi, Shao Tianwei, Liu Yanan, Li Yong, Ding Wanlong
Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
BMC Genomics. 2015 Nov 25;16:1010. doi: 10.1186/s12864-015-2151-7.
As a valuable medicinal plant, the yield of Panax ginseng is seriously affected by autotoxicity, which is a common phenomenon due to continuous cropping. However, the mechanism of autotoxicity in P. ginseng is still unknown.
In total, high throughput sequencing of 18 RNA-Seq libraries produced 996,000,000 100-nt reads that were assembled into 72,732 contigs. Compared with control, 3697 and 2828 genes were significantly up- and down-regulated across different tissues and time points, respectively. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis showed that 'enzyme inhibitor activity', 'carboxylesterase activity', 'pectinesterase activity', 'centrosome cycle and duplication' and 'mitotic spindle elongation' were enriched for the up-regulated genes. Transcription factors including AP2s/ERFs, MYBs, and WRKYs were up-regulated in roots after benzoic acid treatment. Moreover, reactive oxygen species, peroxidases and superoxide dismutase contigs were up-regulated in roots after benzoic acid treatment. Physiological and biochemical indexes showed that the proline and malondialdehyde content were restored to lower levels at a later stage after benzoic acid treatment. Benzoic acid inhibited the root hair development in a dose-dependent manner, and several differential expressed genes potentially involved in hair development were identified. Several key contigs in the flavonoid and ginsenoside biosynthesis pathways were repressed. Finally, 58,518 alternative splicing (AS) events from 12,950 genes were found after benzoic acid treatment. Interestingly, contigs in the ginsenoside biosynthetic pathway underwent AS, providing useful information about post-transcriptional regulation in P. ginseng.
This study revealed the stress-response molecular mechanisms in P. ginseng induced by benzoic acid.
人参作为一种珍贵的药用植物，其产量受到自毒作用的严重影响，自毒作用是连作导致的常见现象。然而，人参自毒作用的机制仍不清楚。
总共对18个RNA测序文库进行高通量测序，产生了9.96亿条100核苷酸读段，这些读段被组装成72732个重叠群。与对照相比，在不同组织和时间点分别有3697个和2828个基因显著上调和下调。基因本体富集分析表明，上调基因富集于“酶抑制剂活性”“羧酸酯酶活性”“果胶酯酶活性”“中心体周期和复制”以及“有丝分裂纺锤体伸长”。苯甲酸处理后，根中包括AP2/ERF、MYB和WRKY在内的转录因子上调。此外，苯甲酸处理后根中活性氧、过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶重叠群上调。生理生化指标表明，苯甲酸处理后期脯氨酸和丙二醛含量恢复到较低水平。苯甲酸以剂量依赖的方式抑制根毛发育，并鉴定出几个可能参与毛发生长的差异表达基因。黄酮类和人参皂苷生物合成途径中的几个关键重叠群受到抑制。最后，苯甲酸处理后发现来自12950个基因的58518个可变剪接（AS）事件。有趣的是，人参皂苷生物合成途径中的重叠群发生了AS，为西洋参转录后调控提供了有用信息。
本研究揭示了苯甲酸诱导人参的应激反应分子机制。
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